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Chong, Anita S.

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Property	Value
overview	My lab has had a long-standing interest in understanding the basis of immunological tolerance and humoral immunity following allogeneic transplantation. We have been collaborating extensively with Dr. Marisa Alegre in studying how infections prevent the induction of transplantation tolerance or destabilize established tolerance, and understanding the fundamental mechanisms of robust transplantation tolerance. We recently have developed new approaches to track a defined population of endogenous allospecific T (CD4+effectors (Th1 and Tfh), CD4+Tregs and CD8 effector) and B cells (Class I and Class II reactive), and are now asking how each of these subsets of cells behave under conditions of rejection, memory/sensitization and tolerance, with the goal of identifying new biomarkers of tolerance and rejection. We also actively investigating the behavior of memory alloreactive B cells in the setting of transplantation, and in identifying how these cells differ from naïve B cells, with the goal of identifying immunosuppressive and tolerance inducing strategies to control this clinically important subset of cells. We are conducting these studies in experimental rodent models, and also testing our findings in humans. These studies are performed in collaboration with Dr. Roger Sciammas at UCDavis, and the clinical transplant faculty at the University of Chicago and Ohio State University. In addition, we have stretched our research into the prevention of infections through vaccination, with the long-term goal of using this strategy as an indirect but cost-effective means of stabilizing tolerance. Towards this goal, my lab has been collaborating with Dr. Chris Montgomery, a physician scientist in the Department of Pediatrics, to identify sub-unit vaccine candidates and to investigate the immunobiology of protection from Staphylococcus aureus skin infections. My lab also has a strong program of collaborative research with Dr. Joel Collier, a bioengineer at Duke University, to develop of nanoparticulate adjuvant-free vaccines that can elicit protective immune responses with minimal inflammation. Such a vaccine that elicits minimal inflammation may be ideal for tolerant patients, as we now appreciate that inflammation can destabilize established tolerance.

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overview

My lab has had a long-standing interest in understanding the basis of immunological tolerance and humoral immunity following allogeneic transplantation. We have been collaborating extensively with Dr. Marisa Alegre in studying how infections prevent the induction of transplantation tolerance or destabilize established tolerance, and understanding the fundamental mechanisms of robust transplantation tolerance. We recently have developed new approaches to track a defined population of endogenous allospecific T (CD4+effectors (Th1 and Tfh), CD4+Tregs and CD8 effector) and B cells (Class I and Class II reactive), and are now asking how each of these subsets of cells behave under conditions of rejection, memory/sensitization and tolerance, with the goal of identifying new biomarkers of tolerance and rejection. We also actively investigating the behavior of memory alloreactive B cells in the setting of transplantation, and in identifying how these cells differ from naïve B cells, with the goal of identifying immunosuppressive and tolerance inducing strategies to control this clinically important subset of cells. We are conducting these studies in experimental rodent models, and also testing our findings in humans. These studies are performed in collaboration with Dr. Roger Sciammas at UCDavis, and the clinical transplant faculty at the University of Chicago and Ohio State University. In addition, we have stretched our research into the prevention of infections through vaccination, with the long-term goal of using this strategy as an indirect but cost-effective means of stabilizing tolerance. Towards this goal, my lab has been collaborating with Dr. Chris Montgomery, a physician scientist in the Department of Pediatrics, to identify sub-unit vaccine candidates and to investigate the immunobiology of protection from Staphylococcus aureus skin infections. My lab also has a strong program of collaborative research with Dr. Joel Collier, a bioengineer at Duke University, to develop of nanoparticulate adjuvant-free vaccines that can elicit protective immune responses with minimal inflammation. Such a vaccine that elicits minimal inflammation may be ideal for tolerant patients, as we now appreciate that inflammation can destabilize established tolerance.

One or more keywords matched the following items that are connected to Chong, Anita S.

Item Type	Name
Concept	Graft vs Host Disease
Concept	Graft Survival
Concept	Graft Rejection
Concept	Transplants
Academic Article	Leflunomide, a novel immunomodulatory agent: in vitro analyses of the mechanism of immunosuppression.
Academic Article	Complete control of humoral and cell-mediated xenoreactions with the combination of leflunomide and cyclosporine.
Academic Article	Daily determinations of serum lymphotoxin allows for accurate early diagnosis of hepatic allograft rejection.
Academic Article	Immunosuppressive effects of leflunomide in a cardiac allograft model.
Academic Article	Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor immunomodulation in the rat cardiac transplantation model.
Academic Article	Prolongation of rat islet allograft survival by the immunosuppressive agent leflunomide.
Academic Article	Control and reversal of chronic xenograft rejection in hamster-to-rat cardiac transplantation.
Academic Article	Delayed xenograft rejection in the concordant hamster heart into Lewis rat model.
Academic Article	Effect of gene gun-mediated CTLA4IG and Fas ligand gene transfection on concordant xenogeneic islet graft rejection.
Academic Article	In vivo effects of leflunomide on normal pancreatic islet and syngeneic islet graft function.
Academic Article	Gene gun-mediated gene transfer and expression in rat islets.
Academic Article	Effect of anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody combined with human CTLA4Ig on the survival of hamster liver and heart xenografts in Lewis rats.
Academic Article	Anti-CD4 therapy in combined heart-kidney, heart-liver, and heart-small bowel allotransplants in high-responder rats.
Academic Article	Successful xenotransplantation of adult porcine islets in NOD and BALB/c mice with leflunomide and cyclosporine.
Academic Article	Leflunomide-based immunosuppression for porcine islet xenotransplantation.
Academic Article	Leflunomide, a potential immunosuppressant for pancreatic islet transplantation.
Academic Article	In vivo activity of leflunomide: pharmacokinetic analyses and mechanism of immunosuppression.
Academic Article	Differential effect of leflunomide on concordant xenogeneic islet graft rejection and recurrence of autoimmune diabetes.
Academic Article	Immunosuppression preventing concordant xenogeneic islet graft rejection is not sufficient to prevent recurrence of autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice.
Academic Article	Modification of humoral responses by the combination of leflunomide and cyclosporine in Lewis rats transplanted with hamster hearts.
Academic Article	Tolerance of T-independent xeno-antibody responses in the hamster-to-rat xenotransplantation model is species-restricted but not tissue-specific.
Academic Article	Anti-galactose-alpha(1,3)Galactose antibody production in alpha1, 3-galactosyltransferase gene knockout mice after xeno- and allotransplantation.
Academic Article	Non-depleting anti-CD4, but not anti-CD8, antibody induces long-term survival of xenogeneic and allogeneic hearts in alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout (GT-Ko) mice.
Academic Article	Protective effect of ischemic preconditioning on liver preservation-reperfusion injury in rats.
Academic Article	FK506 treatment in combination with leflunomide in hamster-to-rat heart and liver xenograft transplantation.
Academic Article	Differential immune response to carbohydrate epitopes on allo- and xenografts: implications for accommodation.
Academic Article	Histological characterization and pharmacological control of chronic rejection in xenogeneic and allogeneic heart transplantation.
Academic Article	Acute xenograft rejection mediated by antibodies produced independently of TH1/TH2 cytokine profiles.
Academic Article	Nondepleting anti-CD4 but not anti-CD8 antibody induces long-term survival of xenogeneic and allogeneic hearts in alpha1, 3-galactosyl-transferase knock-out mice.
Academic Article	Intact active bone transplantation synergizes with anti-CD40 ligand therapy to induce B cell tolerance.
Academic Article	CTLA-41g in combination with anti-CD40L prolongs xenograft survival and inhibits anti-gal ab production in GT-Ko mice.
Academic Article	Combination of antilymphocyte globulin and leflunomide leads to superior grafts.
Academic Article	Allograft tolerance induced by intact active bone co-transplantation and anti-CD40L monoclonal antibody therapy.
Academic Article	The in vitro and in vivo effects of anti-galactose antibodies on endothelial cell activation and xenograft rejection.
Academic Article	Skin graft survival in genetically identical cloned pigs.
Academic Article	Role of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the rejection of concordant pancreas xenografts.
Academic Article	Mouse-heart grafts expressing an incompatible carbohydrate antigen. II. Transition from accommodation to tolerance.
Academic Article	Cutting Edge: NK cells mediate IgG1-dependent hyperacute rejection of xenografts.
Academic Article	Liver ischemia contributes to early islet failure following intraportal transplantation: benefits of liver ischemic-preconditioning.
Academic Article	Hyperacute rejection by anti-Gal IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b is dependent on complement and Fc-gamma receptors.
Academic Article	Toll-like receptor signaling in transplantation.
Academic Article	Mechanistic study of malononitrileamide FK778 in cardiac transplantation and CMV infection in rats.
Academic Article	The multiple facets of toll-like receptors in transplantation biology.
Academic Article	Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in transplantation.
Academic Article	TLR signals promote IL-6/IL-17-dependent transplant rejection.
Academic Article	Concurrent antiviral and immunosuppressive activities of leflunomide in vivo.
Academic Article	Decreased percentage of CD4+FoxP3+ cells in bronchoalveolar lavage from lung transplant recipients correlates with development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome.
Academic Article	Alloantibodies prevent the induction of transplantation tolerance by enhancing alloreactive T cell priming.
Academic Article	Bacterial infections, alloimmunity, and transplantation tolerance.
Academic Article	CD4+ T cells are sufficient to elicit allograft rejection and major histocompatibility complex class I molecule is required to induce recurrent autoimmune diabetes after pancreas transplantation in mice.
Academic Article	Memory alloreactive B cells and alloantibodies prevent anti-CD154-mediated allograft acceptance.
Academic Article	Expression of complement regulatory proteins in accommodated xenografts induced by anti-alpha-Gal IgG1 in a rat-to-mouse model.
Academic Article	Matchmaking the B-cell signature of tolerance to regulatory B cells.
Academic Article	Making a B-line for transplantation tolerance.
Academic Article	IL-6 induced by Staphylococcus aureus infection prevents the induction of skin allograft acceptance in mice.
Academic Article	Plasma cell densities and glomerular filtration rates predict renal allograft outcomes following acute rejection.
Academic Article	Splanchnic transplantation.
Academic Article	The impact of infection and tissue damage in solid-organ transplantation.
Academic Article	"Tip-toeing" to an assay for transplantation tolerance?
Academic Article	TLR engagement prevents transplantation tolerance.
Academic Article	Pharmacologically induced regression of chronic transplant rejection.
Academic Article	American society of transplantation symposium on B cells in transplantation: harnessing humoral immunity from rodent models to clinical practice.
Academic Article	Effect of leflunomide in control of acute rejection in hamster-to-rat cardiac xenografts.
Academic Article	Improved viability of hepatic allografts from fasted donors is associated with decreased peripheral TNF activity.
Academic Article	Leflunomide immunosuppression in rat small intestinal transplantation.
Academic Article	Prevention of allograft tolerance by bacterial infection with Listeria monocytogenes.
Academic Article	Long-term control of alloreactive B cell responses by the suppression of T cell help.
Academic Article	Leflunomide in experimental transplantation. Control of rejection and alloantibody production, reversal of acute rejection, and interaction with cyclosporine.
Academic Article	Infection with the intracellular bacterium, Listeria monocytogenes, overrides established tolerance in a mouse cardiac allograft model.
Academic Article	Inactivation of Kupffer cells after prolonged donor fasting improves viability of transplanted hepatic allografts.
Academic Article	Effect of leflunomide and cyclosporine on concordant xenogeneic islet transplantation in streptozotocin-induced and autoimmune diabetic mice.
Academic Article	Quantitation of the changes in splenic architecture during the rejection of cardiac allografts or xenografts.
Academic Article	Leflunomide controls rejection in hamster to rat cardiac xenografts.
Academic Article	Induction of species-specific host accommodation in the hamster-to-rat xenotransplantation model.
Academic Article	Efficacy of FK506, leflunomide, anti-CD4, and CTLA4IG treatments in rat to mouse pancreas xenograft transplantation.
Academic Article	Anti-galactose-alpha(1,3) galactose antibody production in alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase gene knockout mice after xeno and allo transplantation.
Academic Article	Lewis rat pancreas, but not cardiac xenografts, are resistant to anti-gal antibody mediated hyperacute rejection.
Academic Article	Antagonistic effect of toll-like receptor signaling and bacterial infections on transplantation tolerance.
Academic Article	Allograft ultraviolet-B irradiation in rat small intestinal transplantation.
Academic Article	Receptors that turn on and turn off natural killer cells.
Academic Article	Natural killer cell cytotoxicity and the multidrug resistance gene.
Academic Article	Impact of immunosuppression on recall immune responses to influenza vaccination in stable renal transplant recipients.
Academic Article	Transplantation tolerance and its outcome during infections and inflammation.
Academic Article	Lessons and limits of mouse models.
Academic Article	Microbes and allogeneic transplantation.
Academic Article	The influence of the microbiota on the immune response to transplantation.
Academic Article	Transplantation: molecular phenotyping of T-cell-mediated rejection.
Academic Article	Memory B cells in transplantation.
Academic Article	B cells assist allograft rejection in the deficiency of protein kinase c-theta.
Academic Article	Reversing endogenous alloreactive B cell GC responses with anti-CD154 or CTLA-4Ig.
Academic Article	Mechanisms and consequences of injury and repair in older organ transplants.
Academic Article	AST Cutting Edge of Transplantation 2013 Meeting Report: a comprehensive look at B cells and antibodies in transplantation.
Academic Article	New kid on the pretransplant block: IgG recognizing apoptotic cells.
Academic Article	Spontaneous restoration of transplantation tolerance after acute rejection.
Academic Article	Cutting Edge: CTLA-4Ig Inhibits Memory B Cell Responses and Promotes Allograft Survival in Sensitized Recipients.
Academic Article	High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Enhances Allograft Rejection.
Academic Article	The composition of the microbiota modulates allograft rejection.
Academic Article	Delayed Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4-Immunoglobulin Treatment Reverses Ongoing Alloantibody Responses and Rescues Allografts From Acute Rejection.
Academic Article	Tracing Donor-MHC Class II Reactive B cells in Mouse Cardiac Transplantation: Delayed CTLA4-Ig Treatment Prevents Memory Alloreactive B-Cell Generation.
Academic Article	From Pipe Dream to Donor-Specific PC Elimination: Novel Ways to Target Alloantibodies.
Academic Article	Adoptive Transfer of Tracer-Alloreactive CD4+ T Cell Receptor Transgenic T Cells Alters the Endogenous Immune Response to an Allograft.
Academic Article	Virtual Global Transplant Laboratory Standard Operating Protocol for Donor Alloantigen-specific Interferon-gamma ELISPOT Assay.
Academic Article	Transplantation tolerance after allograft rejection.
Academic Article	Erosion of Transplantation Tolerance After Infection.
Academic Article	Transplantation tolerance: don't forget about the B cells.
Academic Article	Tracking of TCR-Transgenic T Cells Reveals That Multiple Mechanisms Maintain Cardiac Transplant Tolerance in Mice.
Academic Article	Evolving Approaches in the Identification of Allograft-Reactive T and B Cells in Mice and Humans.
Academic Article	Equal Expansion of Endogenous Transplant-Specific Regulatory T Cell and Recruitment Into the Allograft During Rejection and Tolerance.
Academic Article	New insights into the development of B cell responses: Implications for solid organ transplantation.
Academic Article	Heterogeneity of memory B cells.
Academic Article	Distinct Graft-Specific TCR Avidity Profiles during Acute Rejection and Tolerance.
Academic Article	The pursuit of transplantation tolerance: new mechanistic insights.
Academic Article	Outstanding questions in transplantation: B cells, alloantibodies, and humoral rejection.
Academic Article	Urinary nanosensors of early transplant rejection.
Academic Article	Fifty Shades of Tolerance: Beyond a Binary Tolerant/Non-Tolerant Paradigm.
Academic Article	Desensitization in the Era of Precision Medicine: Moving From the Bench to Bedside.
Academic Article	Skin-restricted commensal colonization accelerates skin graft rejection.
Academic Article	ITS finally here! The first International Transplant Science meeting jointly organized by AST, ESOT, and TTS.
Academic Article	Resilience of T cell-intrinsic dysfunction in transplantation tolerance.
Academic Article	Recommended Treatment for Antibody-mediated Rejection After Kidney Transplantation: The 2019 Expert Consensus From the Transplantion Society Working Group.
Academic Article	The First International Transplant Science (ITS) Meeting.
Academic Article	B cells as antigen-presenting cells in transplantation rejection and tolerance.
Academic Article	Reversing donor-specific antibody responses and antibody-mediated rejection with bortezomib and belatacept in mice and kidney transplant recipients.
Academic Article	Sensitization in transplantation: Assessment of risk (STAR) 2019 Working Group Meeting Report.
Academic Article	The First ITS Meeting.
Academic Article	Desensitizing highly sensitized heart transplant candidates with the combination of belatacept and proteasome inhibition.
Academic Article	Mechanisms of organ transplant injury mediated by B cells and antibodies: Implications for antibody-mediated rejection.
Academic Article	Innate-like self-reactive B cells infiltrate human renal allografts during transplant rejection.
Academic Article	Toward an understanding of allogeneic conflict in pregnancy and transplantation.
Academic Article	Oral alloantigen exposure promotes donor-specific tolerance in a mouse model of minor-mismatched skin transplantation.
Academic Article	Linked sensitization by memory CD4+ T cells prevents costimulation blockade-induced transplantation tolerance.
Academic Article	Host-versus-commensal immune responses participate in the rejection of colonized solid organ transplants.
Academic Article	Beyond Adaptive Alloreactivity: Contribution of Innate B Cells to Allograft Inflammation and Rejection.
Academic Article	Sensitization in transplantation: Assessment of Risk 2022 Working Group Meeting Report.
Academic Article	From bench to bedside: reversing established antibody responses and desensitization.
Academic Article	Joining Forces in Basic Science: ITS Meeting 2.0.
Academic Article	Reduced Satb1 expression predisposes CD4+ T conventional cells to Treg suppression and promotes transplant survival.
Academic Article	Transcriptionally Distinct B Cells Infiltrate Allografts After Kidney Transplantation.
Academic Article	Navigating the Dobbs versus Jackson America for Patients with CKD and Kidney Transplants.
Concept	Transplant Recipients
Academic Article	Donor programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 is required for organ transplant tolerance in major histocompatibility complex-mismatched mixed chimeras although programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 and major histocompatibility complex class II are not required for inducing chimerism.
Academic Article	Corrigendum to 'Sensitization in transplantation: Assessment of Risk 2022 Working Group Meeting Report' [American Journal of Transplantation 23 (2023) 133-149].
Academic Article	A transitional B-cell cytokine biomarker for risk stratifying renal transplant patients with borderline rejection.
Academic Article	Sex as a biological variable: Mechanistic insights and clinical relevance in solid organ transplantation.
Academic Article	Heterogeneity in allospecific T cell function in transplant-tolerant hosts determines susceptibility to rejection following infection.
Academic Article	Low-affinity CD8+ T cells provide interclonal help to high-affinity CD8+ T cells to augment alloimmunity.
Academic Article	Advancing mouse models for transplantation research.

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