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Manyuan Long

TitleProfessor
InstitutionUniversity of Chicago
DepartmentEcology and Evolution
AddressChicago IL 60637
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    Collapse Overview 
    Collapse overview
    //// Since my doctoral study in California in the early 1990s, I have been focusing on the study of a new and major scientific problem: How does a gene originate and evolve? The approaches I have developed and are being used to investigate the new gene problem include theoretical, computational, and molecular experimental approaches. We are currently exploring following scientific issues:

    #Phenotypic effects and functions of new genes;
    #Evolution of gene essentiality in development;
    #Evolutionary analysis of gene interactions with new genes;
    #Sex selection and sexual conflict on new genes:
    #De novo gene origination.

    //// Our scientific works have been recorded in ~200 publications of research reports, commentaries, reviews, interviews and popular science articles with numerous reports of news media. 110 research articles are selected below. Most of their pdf files can be found in the lab website. Besides, five books and monographs were also published:

    2021. How Do New Genes Originate and Evolve? Genes. With E. Beltran
    2020. Walter Gilbert: Selected Works. 614 pages. World Scientific, Singapore. With W. Gilbert.
    2019. Evolution of Genes and Genomes. 174 pages. Science China Life Science. With B. Shen
    2010. Darwin’s Heritage Today. 385 pages. Higher Education Press. With H. Gu and Z. Zhou
    2003. Origin and Evolution of New Gene Functions. Volume 10, Contemporary Issues in Genetics and Evolution. 202 pages. Kluwer Academic Publishers. The Netherlands.

    //// Our works have generated scientific and societal impacts:

    ## Scientific impacts:

    #The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) summarized my contribution when conferring me with a fellow honor (2014 AAAS Fellow) as “You are being honored: For distinguished contributions to the fields of molecular evolution and genetics, particularly for starting and leading the area of new gene evolution using experimental and computational genomics and molecular biology”.

    #Our discovers have helped shape the new chapters and sections about new gene evolution in major textbooks pf evolutionary biology (e.g. Douglas Futuyma, 2009 and 2005, Evolution, Sinauer, Massachusetts; Michael Lynch, 2007, The Origins of Genome Architecture, Sinauer, Massachesetts; Wen-Hsiung Li, 1997, Molecular Evolution, Sinauer, Massachusetts; Roderic Page and Edward Holmes, 1998, Molecular Evolution. Blackwell Science London). Nature published a News Feature to highlight our discovery of a large number of de novo genes in Oryza (Levy, 2019. Genes from the Junkyard. Nature 574: 314-316).

    ## Societal impacts:

    #New York Times, Washington Times, Chicago Tribune, Sacramento Bee, The Huffington Post, La Vanguardia, the New Scientist, the Scientist, Discover, La Recherche, Wen Hui Bao, and other news media in US, Europe, East Asia reported in various languages his scientific discovers and commentaries.

    #Our research results summarized in a Nature Rev Genet article (Manyuan Long et al, 2003) were cited as major evidence for a successful defense of Amendment I to the United States Constitution in the nationally concerned case of Kitzmiller et al. vs. Dover Area School District in Pennsylvania in 2005.

    #American Scientist published a feature popular science article by us to discuss de novo gene origination (Mortola and Long, 2021. New Genes Born to Junk. May-June Issue.) Quanta magazine published two interviews with me to discuss de novo gene origination and evolution of gene essentiality (Callier, 2020. Where do new genes come from. April 9. Callier, 2020. Scientists Find Vital Genes Evolving in Genome’s Junkyard. November 16.)

    Collapse Biography 
    Collapse education and training
    Sichuan Agricultural University , SichuanB.A. and M.S.01/2015Crop Plants and Genetics
    University of California at Davis, CaliforniaM.S. and Ph.D.12/1992Genetics and Evolution
    Harvard University, Cambridge MassachusettsPostdoctoral Fellow10/1997Gene evolution and molecular biology
    Collapse awards and honors
    1993Allen Marr Prize, The University of California at Davis
    1999David & Lucile Packard Fellow for Science & Engineering, Davis & Lucile Packard Foundation
    2003CAREER Award, National Science Foundation
    2011Inaugural Edna K Papazian Distinguished Service Professor, The University of Chicago
    2014AAAS Fellow, the American Association for the Advancement of Science
    201915 Studies That Challenged Medical Dogma in 2019, Medscape
    2020Distinguished Investigator Award, Senior Award, The University of Chicago, Division of Biological Sciences
    2022John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship for Biology, John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation
    2022Ray Wu Award, Ray Wu Society / Chinese Biological Investigator Society, Ithaca

    Collapse Research 
    Collapse research activities and funding
    R01GM116113     (WING, ROD A)Sep 8, 2016 - Aug 31, 2021
    NIH
    Reference-quality Drosophila genome assemblies for evolutionary analysis of previously inaccessible genomic regions
    Role: Co-Principal Investigator
    R01GM100768     (ZHUANG, XIAOXI)Apr 1, 2012 - Mar 31, 2017
    NIH
    Genomic analysis of feeding behavior and fitness in Drosophila
    Role: Co-Principal Investigator
    R01GM078070     (LONG, MANYUAN NO)May 1, 2007 - Apr 30, 2012
    NIH
    Detection of Distribution of New Genes in Drosophila Phylogeny
    Role: Principal Investigator
    R01GM065429     (LONG, MANYUAN NO)Jul 1, 2003 - Jun 30, 2007
    NIH
    Variation of D. melanogaster chromosome 4
    Role: Principal Investigator

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse selected publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Faculty can login to make corrections and additions.
    Newest   |   Oldest   |   Most Cited   |   Most Discussed   |   Timeline   |   Field Summary   |   Plain Text
    PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Lee U, Mortola EN, Kim EJ, Long M. Evolution and maintenance of phenotypic plasticity. Biosystems. 2022 Dec; 222:104791. PMID: 36244511.
      Citations:    Fields:    
    2. Long M, Betrán E. Evolutionary New Genes in a Growing Paradigm. Genes (Basel). 2022 09 08; 13(9). PMID: 36140774; PMCID: PMC9498540.
      Citations:    Fields:    
    3. Zhou Y, Zhang C, Zhang L, Ye Q, Liu N, Wang M, Long G, Fan W, Long M, Wing RA. Gene fusion as an important mechanism to generate new genes in the genus Oryza. Genome Biol. 2022 06 15; 23(1):130. PMID: 35706016; PMCID: PMC9199173.
      Citations: 2     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    4. Miller D, Chen J, Liang J, Long M, Sharakhov IV, Betrán E. Retrogene Duplication and Expression Patterns Shaped by the Evolution of Sex Chromosomes in Malaria Mosquitoes. Genes (Basel). 2022 05 28; 13(6). PMID: 35741730; PMCID: PMC9222922.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    5. Huang Y, Chen J, Dong C, Sosa D, Xia S, Ouyang Y, Fan C, Li D, Mortola E, Long M, Bergelson J. Species-specific partial gene duplication in Arabidopsis thaliana evolved novel phenotypic effects on morphological traits under strong positive selection. Plant Cell. 2022 02 03; 34(2):802-817. PMID: 34875081; PMCID: PMC8824575.
      Citations: 8     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    6. Xia S, Ventura IM, Han S, Long M, Blaha A, Sgromo A, Izaurralde E. Rapid Gene Evolution in an Ancient Post-transcriptional and Translational Regulatory System Compensates for Meiotic X Chromosomal Inactivation. Mol Biol Evol. 2022 01 07; 39(1). PMID: 34626117; PMCID: PMC8763131.
      Citations: 3     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    7. Krinsky BH, Arthur RK, Xia S, Sosa D, Arsala D, White KP, Long M. Rapid Cis-Trans Coevolution Driven by a Novel Gene Retroposed from a Eukaryotic Conserved CCR4-NOT Component in Drosophila. Genes (Basel). 2021 12 26; 13(1). PMID: 35052398; PMCID: PMC8774992.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    8. Jin G, Ma PF, Wu X, Gu L, Long M, Zhang C, Li DZ. New Genes Interacted With Recent Whole-Genome Duplicates in the Fast Stem Growth of Bamboos. Mol Biol Evol. 2021 12 09; 38(12):5752-5768. PMID: 34581782; PMCID: PMC8662795.
      Citations: 12     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    9. Xia S, VanKuren NW, Chen C, Zhang L, Kemkemer C, Shao Y, Jia H, Lee U, Advani AS, Gschwend A, Chen S, Zhang YE, Long M, Vibranovski MD. Genomic analyses of new genes and their phenotypic effects reveal rapid evolution of essential functions in Drosophila development. PLoS Genet. 2021 07; 17(7):e1009654. PMID: 34242211; PMCID: PMC8270118.
      Citations: 8     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    10. Long M. A zebrafish-specific chimeric gene evolved essential developmental functions: discussion of conceptual significance. Sci China Life Sci. 2021 May; 64(5):840-842. PMID: 33580430.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:Animals
    11. Flynn JM, Long M, Wing RA, Clark AG. Evolutionary Dynamics of Abundant 7-bp Satellites in the Genome of Drosophila virilis. Mol Biol Evol. 2020 05 01; 37(5):1362-1375. PMID: 31960929; PMCID: PMC7849990.
      Citations: 15     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    12. Lee YCG, Ventura IM, Rice GR, Chen DY, Colmenares SU, Long M. Rapid Evolution of Gained Essential Developmental Functions of a Young Gene via Interactions with Other Essential Genes. Mol Biol Evol. 2019 10 01; 36(10):2212-2226. PMID: 31187122; PMCID: PMC6759199.
      Citations: 13     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    13. Long M, Shen B. Evolution of genes and genomes: an emerging paradigm in life science. Sci China Life Sci. 2019 04; 62(4):435-436. PMID: 30929192.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    14. Zu J, Gu Y, Li Y, Li C, Zhang W, Zhang YE, Lee U, Zhang L, Long M. Topological evolution of coexpression networks by new gene integration maintains the hierarchical and modular structures in human ancestors. Sci China Life Sci. 2019 Apr; 62(4):594-608. PMID: 30919280.
      Citations: 3     Fields:    Translation:Humans
    15. Zhang W, Long M, Shen B, Gao Y. Origination and evolution of orphan genes and de novo genes in the genome of Caenorhabditis elegans. Sci China Life Sci. 2019 Apr; 62(4):579-593. PMID: 30919281.
      Citations: 11     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    16. Shao Y, Chen C, Shen H, He BZ, Yu D, Jiang S, Zhao S, Gao Z, Zhu Z, Chen X, Fu Y, Chen H, Gao G, Long M, Zhang YE. GenTree, an integrated resource for analyzing the evolution and function of primate-specific coding genes. Genome Res. 2019 04; 29(4):682-696. PMID: 30862647; PMCID: PMC6442393.
      Citations: 33     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    17. Zhang L, Ren Y, Yang T, Li G, Chen J, Gschwend AR, Yu Y, Hou G, Zi J, Zhou R, Wen B, Zhang J, Chougule K, Wang M, Copetti D, Peng Z, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Ouyang Y, Wing RA, Liu S, Long M. Rapid evolution of protein diversity by de novo origination in Oryza. Nat Ecol Evol. 2019 04; 3(4):679-690. PMID: 30858588.
      Citations: 58     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    18. Stein JC, Yu Y, Copetti D, Zwickl DJ, Zhang L, Zhang C, Chougule K, Gao D, Iwata A, Goicoechea JL, Wei S, Wang J, Liao Y, Wang M, Jacquemin J, Kudrna D, Zhang J, Londono CEM, Song X, Lee S, Sanchez P, Zuccolo A, Ammiraju JSS, Talag J, Danowitz A, Rivera LF, Gschwend AR, Noutsos C, Wu CC, Kao SM, Zeng JW, Wei FJ, Zhao Q, Feng Q, da Rosa Farias D, da Maia LC, Dos Santos RS, Nyberg KG, Schmutz J, Flowers D, Fan C, Wicker T, Chen M, Han B, Henry R, Hsing YC, Kurata N, de Oliveira AC, Jackson SA, Machado CA, Sanderson MJ, Long M, Ware D, Wing RA, Becker C, El Baidouri M, Carpentier MC, Lasserre E, Cooke R, McNally KL, Mauleon R, Alexandrov N, Weigel D, Jena KK, Panaud O. Publisher Correction: Genomes of 13 domesticated and wild rice relatives highlight genetic conservation, turnover and innovation across the genus Oryza. Nat Genet. 2018 11; 50(11):1618. PMID: 30291357.
      Citations: 2     Fields:    
    19. VanKuren NW, Long M. Gene duplicates resolving sexual conflict rapidly evolved essential gametogenesis functions. Nat Ecol Evol. 2018 04; 2(4):705-712. PMID: 29459709; PMCID: PMC5866764.
      Citations: 35     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    20. Stein JC, Yu Y, Copetti D, Zwickl DJ, Zhang L, Zhang C, Chougule K, Gao D, Iwata A, Goicoechea JL, Wei S, Wang J, Liao Y, Wang M, Jacquemin J, Kudrna D, Zhang J, Londono CEM, Song X, Lee S, Sanchez P, Zuccolo A, Ammiraju JSS, Talag J, Danowitz A, Rivera LF, Gschwend AR, Noutsos C, Wu CC, Kao SM, Zeng JW, Wei FJ, Zhao Q, Feng Q, Rosa Farias DD, da Maia LC, Dos Santos RS, Nyberg KG, Schmutz J, Flowers D, Fan C, Wicker T, Chen M, Han B, Henry R, Hsing YC, Kurata N, de Oliveira AC, Jackson SA, Machado CA, Sanderson MJ, Long M, Ware D, Wing RA, Becker C, El Baidouri M, Carpentier MC, Lasserre E, Cooke R, McNally KL, Mauleon R, Alexandrov N, Weigel D, Jena KK, Panaud O. Genomes of 13 domesticated and wild rice relatives highlight genetic conservation, turnover and innovation across the genus Oryza. Nat Genet. 2018 02; 50(2):285-296. PMID: 29358651.
      Citations: 181     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    21. Long M, Emerson JJ. Meiotic Sex Chromosome Inactivation: Compensation by Gene Traffic. Curr Biol. 2017 07 10; 27(13):R659-R661. PMID: 28697367.
      Citations: 6     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    22. Lee YCG, Yang Q, Chi W, Turkson SA, Du WA, Kemkemer C, Zeng ZB, Long M, Zhuang X. Genetic Architecture of Natural Variation Underlying Adult Foraging Behavior That Is Essential for Survival of Drosophila melanogaster. Genome Biol Evol. 2017 05 01; 9(5):1357-1369. PMID: 28472322; PMCID: PMC5452641.
      Citations: 3     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    23. Chen ZX, Oliver B, Zhang YE, Gao G, Long M. Expressed Structurally Stable Inverted Duplicates in Mammalian Genomes as Functional Noncoding Elements. Genome Biol Evol. 2017 Apr 01; 9(4):981-992. PMID: 28338961; PMCID: PMC5398296.
      Citations:    Fields:    
    24. Tan S, Cardoso-Moreira M, Shi W, Zhang D, Huang J, Mao Y, Jia H, Zhang Y, Chen C, Shao Y, Leng L, Liu Z, Huang X, Long M, Zhang YE. LTR-mediated retroposition as a mechanism of RNA-based duplication in metazoans. Genome Res. 2016 12; 26(12):1663-1675. PMID: 27934698; PMCID: PMC5131818.
      Citations: 19     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    25. Zhang W, Landback P, Gschwend AR, Shen B, Long M. New genes drive the evolution of gene interaction networks in the human and mouse genomes. Genome Biol. 2015 Oct 01; 16:202. PMID: 26424194; PMCID: PMC4590697.
      Citations: 47     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    26. Zhang YE, Long M. New genes contribute to genetic and phenotypic novelties in human evolution. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2014 Dec; 29:90-6. PMID: 25218862; PMCID: PMC4631527.
      Citations: 25     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    27. Wang M, Yu Y, Haberer G, Marri PR, Fan C, Goicoechea JL, Zuccolo A, Song X, Kudrna D, Ammiraju JS, Cossu RM, Maldonado C, Chen J, Lee S, Sisneros N, de Baynast K, Golser W, Wissotski M, Kim W, Sanchez P, Ndjiondjop MN, Sanni K, Long M, Carney J, Wicker T, Machado CA, Chen M, Mayer KF, Rounsley S, Wing RA, Panaud O. The genome sequence of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) and evidence for independent domestication. Nat Genet. 2014 Sep; 46(9):982-8. PMID: 25064006; PMCID: PMC7036042.
      Citations: 163     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    28. Kemkemer C, Long M. New genes important for development. EMBO Rep. 2014 May; 15(5):460-1. PMID: 24723687; PMCID: PMC4210085.
      Citations: 2     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    29. Zhang C, Gschwend AR, Ouyang Y, Long M. Evolution of gene structural complexity: an alternative-splicing-based model accounts for intron-containing retrogenes. Plant Physiol. 2014 May; 165(1):412-23. PMID: 24520158; PMCID: PMC4012599.
      Citations: 12     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    30. Gao G, Vibranovski MD, Zhang L, Li Z, Liu M, Zhang YE, Li X, Zhang W, Fan Q, VanKuren NW, Long M, Wei L. A long-term demasculinization of X-linked intergenic noncoding RNAs in Drosophila melanogaster. Genome Res. 2014 04; 24(4):629-38. PMID: 24407956; PMCID: PMC3975062.
      Citations: 16     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    31. Long M, VanKuren NW, Chen S, Vibranovski MD. New gene evolution: little did we know. Annu Rev Genet. 2013; 47:307-33. PMID: 24050177; PMCID: PMC4281893.
      Citations: 121     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    32. Chen S, Krinsky BH, Long M. New genes as drivers of phenotypic evolution. Nat Rev Genet. 2013 Sep; 14(9):645-60. PMID: 23949544; PMCID: PMC4236023.
      Citations: 165     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    33. Zhang C, Wang J, Long M, Fan C. gKaKs: the pipeline for genome-level Ka/Ks calculation. Bioinformatics. 2013 Mar 01; 29(5):645-6. PMID: 23314322.
      Citations: 24     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    34. Zhang C, Wang J, Marowsky NC, Long M, Wing RA, Fan C. High occurrence of functional new chimeric genes in survey of rice chromosome 3 short arm genome sequences. Genome Biol Evol. 2013; 5(5):1038-48. PMID: 23651622; PMCID: PMC3673630.
      Citations: 8     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    35. Long M, Zhang L. Why rodent pseudogenes refuse to retire. Genome Biol. 2012 Nov 20; 13(11):178. PMID: 23167957; PMCID: PMC3580489.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    36. Ni X, Zhang YE, Chen S, Long M, White KP, Nègre N. Adaptive evolution and the birth of CTCF binding sites in the Drosophila genome. PLoS Biol. 2012; 10(11):e1001420. PMID: 23139640; PMCID: PMC3491045.
      Citations: 34     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    37. Zhang YE, Landback P, Vibranovski M, Long M. New genes expressed in human brains: implications for annotating evolving genomes. Bioessays. 2012 Nov; 34(11):982-91. PMID: 23001763.
      Citations: 30     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    38. Vibranovski MD, Zhang YE, Kemkemer C, VanKuren NW, Lopes HF, Karr TL, Long M. Segmental dataset and whole body expression data do not support the hypothesis that non-random movement is an intrinsic property of Drosophila retrogenes. BMC Evol Biol. 2012 Sep 05; 12:169. PMID: 22950647; PMCID: PMC3532075.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    39. Vibranovski MD, Zhang YE, Kemkemer C, Lopes HF, Karr TL, Long M. Re-analysis of the larval testis data on meiotic sex chromosome inactivation revealed evidence for tissue-specific gene expression related to the drosophila X chromosome. BMC Biol. 2012 Jun 12; 10:49; author reply 50. PMID: 22691264; PMCID: PMC3391172.
      Citations: 23     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    40. Chen S, Ni X, Krinsky BH, Zhang YE, Vibranovski MD, White KP, Long M. Reshaping of global gene expression networks and sex-biased gene expression by integration of a young gene. EMBO J. 2012 Jun 13; 31(12):2798-809. PMID: 22543869; PMCID: PMC3380208.
      Citations: 31     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    41. Wang J, Long M, Vibranovski MD. Retrogenes moved out of the z chromosome in the silkworm. J Mol Evol. 2012 Apr; 74(3-4):113-26. PMID: 22535494.
      Citations: 18     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    42. Chen S, Spletter M, Ni X, White KP, Luo L, Long M. Frequent recent origination of brain genes shaped the evolution of foraging behavior in Drosophila. Cell Rep. 2012 Feb 23; 1(2):118-32. PMID: 22832161; PMCID: PMC4382513.
      Citations: 21     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    43. Cardoso-Moreira M, Long M. The origin and evolution of new genes. Methods Mol Biol. 2012; 856:161-86. PMID: 22399459.
      Citations: 15     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    44. Cardoso-Moreira M, Emerson JJ, Clark AG, Long M. Drosophila duplication hotspots are associated with late-replicating regions of the genome. PLoS Genet. 2011 Nov; 7(11):e1002340. PMID: 22072977; PMCID: PMC3207856.
      Citations: 26     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    45. Zhang YE, Landback P, Vibranovski MD, Long M. Accelerated recruitment of new brain development genes into the human genome. PLoS Biol. 2011 Oct; 9(10):e1001179. PMID: 22028629; PMCID: PMC3196496.
      Citations: 78     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    46. Chen S, Yang H, Krinsky BH, Zhang A, Long M. Roles of young serine-endopeptidase genes in survival and reproduction revealed rapid evolution of phenotypic effects at adult stages. Fly (Austin). 2011 Oct-Dec; 5(4):345-51. PMID: 21946255; PMCID: PMC3266076.
      Citations: 4     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    47. Chen M, Zou M, Fu B, Li X, Vibranovski MD, Gan X, Wang D, Wang W, Long M, He S. Evolutionary patterns of RNA-based duplication in non-mammalian chordates. PLoS One. 2011; 6(7):e21466. PMID: 21779328; PMCID: PMC3136929.
      Citations: 7     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    48. Chen ZX, Zhang YE, Vibranovski M, Luo J, Gao G, Long M. Deficiency of X-linked inverted duplicates with male-biased expression and the underlying evolutionary mechanisms in the Drosophila genome. Mol Biol Evol. 2011 Oct; 28(10):2823-32. PMID: 21546357; PMCID: PMC3176832.
      Citations: 2     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    49. Zhang YE, Vibranovski MD, Krinsky BH, Long M. A cautionary note for retrocopy identification: DNA-based duplication of intron-containing genes significantly contributes to the origination of single exon genes. Bioinformatics. 2011 Jul 01; 27(13):1749-53. PMID: 21551137; PMCID: PMC3117337.
      Citations: 13     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    50. Chen Y, Dai H, Chen S, Zhang L, Long M. Highly tissue specific expression of Sphinx supports its male courtship related role in Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS One. 2011 Apr 26; 6(4):e18853. PMID: 21541324; PMCID: PMC3082539.
      Citations: 14     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    51. Zhang C, Wang J, Xie W, Zhou G, Long M, Zhang Q. Dynamic programming procedure for searching optimal models to estimate substitution rates based on the maximum-likelihood method. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 May 10; 108(19):7860-5. PMID: 21521791; PMCID: PMC3093512.
      Citations: 11     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    52. Chen S, Zhang YE, Long M. New genes in Drosophila quickly become essential. Science. 2010 Dec 17; 330(6011):1682-5. PMID: 21164016; PMCID: PMC7211344.
      Citations: 157     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    53. Fu B, Chen M, Zou M, Long M, He S. The rapid generation of chimerical genes expanding protein diversity in zebrafish. BMC Genomics. 2010 Nov 24; 11:657. PMID: 21106061; PMCID: PMC3091775.
      Citations: 26     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    54. Zhang YE, Vibranovski MD, Landback P, Marais GA, Long M. Chromosomal redistribution of male-biased genes in mammalian evolution with two bursts of gene gain on the X chromosome. PLoS Biol. 2010 Oct 05; 8(10). PMID: 20957185; PMCID: PMC2950125.
      Citations: 108     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    55. Zhang J, Yang H, Long M, Li L, Dean AM. Evolution of enzymatic activities of testis-specific short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase in Drosophila. J Mol Evol. 2010 Oct; 71(4):241-9. PMID: 20809353.
      Citations: 9     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    56. Zhang YE, Vibranovski MD, Krinsky BH, Long M. Age-dependent chromosomal distribution of male-biased genes in Drosophila. Genome Res. 2010 Nov; 20(11):1526-33. PMID: 20798392; PMCID: PMC2963816.
      Citations: 83     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    57. Vibranovski MD, Chalopin DS, Lopes HF, Long M, Karr TL. Direct evidence for postmeiotic transcription during Drosophila melanogaster spermatogenesis. Genetics. 2010 Sep; 186(1):431-3. PMID: 20610406; PMCID: PMC2940308.
      Citations: 37     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    58. Cardoso-Moreira MM, Long M. Mutational bias shaping fly copy number variation: implications for genome evolution. Trends Genet. 2010 Jun; 26(6):243-7. PMID: 20416969; PMCID: PMC2878862.
      Citations: 16     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    59. Raleigh DR, Marchiando AM, Zhang Y, Shen L, Sasaki H, Wang Y, Long M, Turner JR. Tight junction-associated MARVEL proteins marveld3, tricellulin, and occludin have distinct but overlapping functions. Mol Biol Cell. 2010 Apr 01; 21(7):1200-13. PMID: 20164257; PMCID: PMC2847524.
      Citations: 145     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    60. Arguello JR, Zhang Y, Kado T, Fan C, Zhao R, Innan H, Wang W, Long M. Recombination yet inefficient selection along the Drosophila melanogaster subgroup's fourth chromosome. Mol Biol Evol. 2010 Apr; 27(4):848-61. PMID: 20008457; PMCID: PMC2877538.
      Citations: 38     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    61. Vibranovski MD, Lopes HF, Karr TL, Long M. Stage-specific expression profiling of Drosophila spermatogenesis suggests that meiotic sex chromosome inactivation drives genomic relocation of testis-expressed genes. PLoS Genet. 2009 Nov; 5(11):e1000731. PMID: 19936020; PMCID: PMC2770318.
      Citations: 122     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    62. Zhang Y, Lu S, Zhao S, Zheng X, Long M, Wei L. Positive selection for the male functionality of a co-retroposed gene in the hominoids. BMC Evol Biol. 2009 Oct 15; 9:252. PMID: 19832993; PMCID: PMC2773790.
      Citations: 8     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    63. Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Long M. Extensive structural renovation of retrogenes in the evolution of the Populus genome. Plant Physiol. 2009 Dec; 151(4):1943-51. PMID: 19789289; PMCID: PMC2785971.
      Citations: 42     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    64. Li Z, Liu M, Zhang L, Zhang W, Gao G, Zhu Z, Wei L, Fan Q, Long M. Detection of intergenic non-coding RNAs expressed in the main developmental stages in Drosophila melanogaster. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Jul; 37(13):4308-14. PMID: 19451167; PMCID: PMC2715228.
      Citations: 17     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    65. Vibranovski MD, Zhang Y, Long M. General gene movement off the X chromosome in the Drosophila genus. Genome Res. 2009 May; 19(5):897-903. PMID: 19251740; PMCID: PMC2675978.
      Citations: 85     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    66. Xiao W, Liu H, Li Y, Li X, Xu C, Long M, Wang S. A rice gene of de novo origin negatively regulates pathogen-induced defense response. PLoS One. 2009; 4(2):e4603. PMID: 19240804; PMCID: PMC2643483.
      Citations: 52     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    67. Kaessmann H, Vinckenbosch N, Long M. RNA-based gene duplication: mechanistic and evolutionary insights. Nat Rev Genet. 2009 Jan; 10(1):19-31. PMID: 19030023; PMCID: PMC3690669.
      Citations: 228     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    68. Fan C, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Rounsley S, Long M, Wing RA. The subtelomere of Oryza sativa chromosome 3 short arm as a hot bed of new gene origination in rice. Mol Plant. 2008 Sep; 1(5):839-50. PMID: 19825586; PMCID: PMC2902912.
      Citations: 19     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    69. Emerson JJ, Cardoso-Moreira M, Borevitz JO, Long M. Natural selection shapes genome-wide patterns of copy-number polymorphism in Drosophila melanogaster. Science. 2008 Jun 20; 320(5883):1629-31. PMID: 18535209.
      Citations: 158     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    70. Dai H, Chen Y, Chen S, Mao Q, Kennedy D, Landback P, Eyre-Walker A, Du W, Long M. The evolution of courtship behaviors through the origination of a new gene in Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 27; 105(21):7478-83. PMID: 18508971; PMCID: PMC2396706.
      Citations: 40     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    71. Fan C, Chen Y, Long M. Recurrent tandem gene duplication gave rise to functionally divergent genes in Drosophila. Mol Biol Evol. 2008 Jul; 25(7):1451-8. PMID: 18408233; PMCID: PMC2878002.
      Citations: 20     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    72. Shiao MS, Liao BY, Long M, Yu HT. Adaptive evolution of the insulin two-gene system in mouse. Genetics. 2008 Mar; 178(3):1683-91. PMID: 18245324; PMCID: PMC2278064.
      Citations: 28     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    73. Havlioglu N, Wang J, Fushimi K, Vibranovski MD, Kan Z, Gish W, Fedorov A, Long M, Wu JY. An intronic signal for alternative splicing in the human genome. PLoS One. 2007 Nov 28; 2(11):e1246. PMID: 18043753; PMCID: PMC2082412.
      Citations: 9     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    74. Yang S, Arguello JR, Li X, Ding Y, Zhou Q, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhao R, Peng L, Long M, Wang W, Brunet F. Repetitive element-mediated recombination as a mechanism for new gene origination in Drosophila. PLoS Genet. 2008 Jan; 4(1):e3. PMID: 18208328; PMCID: PMC2211543.
      Citations: 47     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    75. Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium, Clark AG, Eisen MB, Smith DR, Bergman CM, Oliver B, Markow TA, Kaufman TC, Kellis M, Gelbart W, Iyer VN, Pollard DA, Sackton TB, Larracuente AM, Singh ND, Abad JP, Abt DN, Adryan B, Aguade M, Akashi H, Anderson WW, Aquadro CF, Ardell DH, Arguello R, Artieri CG, Barbash DA, Barker D, Barsanti P, Batterham P, Batzoglou S, Begun D, Bhutkar A, Blanco E, Bosak SA, Bradley RK, Brand AD, Brent MR, Brooks AN, Brown RH, Butlin RK, Caggese C, Calvi BR, Bernardo de Carvalho A, Caspi A, Castrezana S, Celniker SE, Chang JL, Chapple C, Chatterji S, Chinwalla A, Civetta A, Clifton SW, Comeron JM, Costello JC, Coyne JA, Daub J, David RG, Delcher AL, Delehaunty K, Do CB, Ebling H, Edwards K, Eickbush T, Evans JD, Filipski A, Findeiss S, Freyhult E, Fulton L, Fulton R, Garcia AC, Gardiner A, Garfield DA, Garvin BE, Gibson G, Gilbert D, Gnerre S, Godfrey J, Good R, Gotea V, Gravely B, Greenberg AJ, Griffiths-Jones S, Gross S, Guigo R, Gustafson EA, Haerty W, Hahn MW, Halligan DL, Halpern AL, Halter GM, Han MV, Heger A, Hillier L, Hinrichs AS, Holmes I, Hoskins RA, Hubisz MJ, Hultmark D, Huntley MA, Jaffe DB, Jagadeeshan S, Jeck WR, Johnson J, Jones CD, Jordan WC, Karpen GH, Kataoka E, Keightley PD, Kheradpour P, Kirkness EF, Koerich LB, Kristiansen K, Kudrna D, Kulathinal RJ, Kumar S, Kwok R, Lander E, Langley CH, Lapoint R, Lazzaro BP, Lee SJ, Levesque L, Li R, Lin CF, Lin MF, Lindblad-Toh K, Llopart A, Long M, Low L, Lozovsky E, Lu J, Luo M, Machado CA, Makalowski W, Marzo M, Matsuda M, Matzkin L, McAllister B, McBride CS, McKernan B, McKernan K, Mendez-Lago M, Minx P, Mollenhauer MU, Montooth K, Mount SM, Mu X, Myers E, Negre B, Newfeld S, Nielsen R, Noor MA, O'Grady P, Pachter L, Papaceit M, Parisi MJ, Parisi M, Parts L, Pedersen JS, Pesole G, Phillippy AM, Ponting CP, Pop M, Porcelli D, Powell JR, Prohaska S, Pruitt K, Puig M, Quesneville H, Ram KR, Rand D, Rasmussen MD, Reed LK, Reenan R, Reily A, Remington KA, Rieger TT, Ritchie MG, Robin C, Rogers YH, Rohde C, Rozas J, Rubenfield MJ, Ruiz A, Russo S, Salzberg SL, Sanchez-Gracia A, Saranga DJ, Sato H, Schaeffer SW, Schatz MC, Schlenke T, Schwartz R, Segarra C, Singh RS, Sirot L, Sirota M, Sisneros NB, Smith CD, Smith TF, Spieth J, Stage DE, Stark A, Stephan W, Strausberg RL, Strempel S, Sturgill D, Sutton G, Sutton GG, Tao W, Teichmann S, Tobari YN, Tomimura Y, Tsolas JM, Valente VL, Venter E, Venter JC, Vicario S, Vieira FG, Vilella AJ, Villasante A, Walenz B, Wang J, Wasserman M, Watts T, Wilson D, Wilson RK, Wing RA, Wolfner MF, Wong A, Wong GK, Wu CI, Wu G, Yamamoto D, Yang HP, Yang SP, Yorke JA, Yoshida K, Zdobnov E, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Zimin AV, Baldwin J, Abdouelleil A, Abdulkadir J, Abebe A, Abera B, Abreu J, Acer SC, Aftuck L, Alexander A, An P, Anderson E, Anderson S, Arachi H, Azer M, Bachantsang P, Barry A, Bayul T, Berlin A, Bessette D, Bloom T, Blye J, Boguslavskiy L, Bonnet C, Boukhgalter B, Bourzgui I, Brown A, Cahill P, Channer S, Cheshatsang Y, Chuda L, Citroen M, Collymore A, Cooke P, Costello M, D'Aco K, Daza R, De Haan G, DeGray S, DeMaso C, Dhargay N, Dooley K, Dooley E, Doricent M, Dorje P, Dorjee K, Dupes A, Elong R, Falk J, Farina A, Faro S, Ferguson D, Fisher S, Foley CD, Franke A, Friedrich D, Gadbois L, Gearin G, Gearin CR, Giannoukos G, Goode T, Graham J, Grandbois E, Grewal S, Gyaltsen K, Hafez N, Hagos B, Hall J, Henson C, Hollinger A, Honan T, Huard MD, Hughes L, Hurhula B, Husby ME, Kamat A, Kanga B, Kashin S, Khazanovich D, Kisner P, Lance K, Lara M, Lee W, Lennon N, Letendre F, LeVine R, Lipovsky A, Liu X, Liu J, Liu S, Lokyitsang T, Lokyitsang Y, Lubonja R, Lui A, MacDonald P, Magnisalis V, Maru K, Matthews C, McCusker W, McDonough S, Mehta T, Meldrim J, Meneus L, Mihai O, Mihalev A, Mihova T, Mittelman R, Mlenga V, Montmayeur A, Mulrain L, Navidi A, Naylor J, Negash T, Nguyen T, Nguyen N, Nicol R, Norbu C, Norbu N, Novod N, O'Neill B, et al. Evolution of genes and genomes on the Drosophila phylogeny. Nature. 2007 Nov 08; 450(7167):203-18. PMID: 17994087.
      Citations: 1060     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    76. Shiao MS, Khil P, Camerini-Otero RD, Shiroishi T, Moriwaki K, Yu HT, Long M. Origins of new male germ-line functions from X-derived autosomal retrogenes in the mouse. Mol Biol Evol. 2007 Oct; 24(10):2242-53. PMID: 17646254.
      Citations: 17     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    77. Long M. Side effects of Tamiflu: clues from an Asian single nucleotide polymorphism. Cell Res. 2007 Apr; 17(4):309-10. PMID: 17435775.
      Citations: 2     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    78. Arguello JR, Fan C, Wang W, Long M. Origination of chimeric genes through DNA-level recombination. Genome Dyn. 2007; 3:131-146. PMID: 18753789.
      Citations: 12     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    79. Fan C, Long M. A new retroposed gene in Drosophila heterochromatin detected by microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization. J Mol Evol. 2007 Feb; 64(2):272-83. PMID: 17177089.
      Citations: 4     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    80. Dai H, Yoshimatsu TF, Long M. Retrogene movement within- and between-chromosomes in the evolution of Drosophila genomes. Gene. 2006 Dec 30; 385:96-102. PMID: 17101240.
      Citations: 38     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    81. Wang W, Zheng H, Fan C, Li J, Shi J, Cai Z, Zhang G, Liu D, Zhang J, Lu Z, Wong GK, Long M, Wang J, Vang S. High rate of chimeric gene origination by retroposition in plant genomes. Plant Cell. 2006 Aug; 18(8):1791-802. PMID: 16829590; PMCID: PMC1533979.
      Citations: 127     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    82. Arguello JR, Chen Y, Yang S, Wang W, Long M. Origination of an X-linked testes chimeric gene by illegitimate recombination in Drosophila. PLoS Genet. 2006 May; 2(5):e77. PMID: 16715176; PMCID: PMC1463047.
      Citations: 35     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    83. Zhang J, Long M, Li L. Translational effects of differential codon usage among intragenic domains of new genes in Drosophila. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005 May 01; 1728(3):135-42. PMID: 15833448.
      Citations: 5     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    84. International Chicken Genome Sequencing Consortium. Sequence and comparative analysis of the chicken genome provide unique perspectives on vertebrate evolution. Nature. 2004 Dec 09; 432(7018):695-716. PMID: 15592404.
      Citations: 1046     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    85. Zhang J, Dean AM, Long M, Brunet F. Evolving protein functional diversity in new genes of Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Nov 16; 101(46):16246-50. PMID: 15534206; PMCID: PMC528974.
      Citations: 66     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    86. Thornton K, Long M. Excess of amino acid substitutions relative to polymorphism between X-linked duplications in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Biol Evol. 2005 Feb; 22(2):273-84. PMID: 15483321.
      Citations: 31     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    87. Emerson JJ, Kaessmann H, Long M, Betrán E. Sex chromosomes and male functions: where do new genes go? Cell Cycle. 2004 Jul; 3(7):873-5. PMID: 15190200.
      Citations: 16     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    88. Wang W, Yu H, Long M. Duplication-degeneration as a mechanism of gene fission and the origin of new genes in Drosophila species. Nat Genet. 2004 May; 36(5):523-7. PMID: 15064762.
      Citations: 50     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    89. Wang W, Thornton K, Emerson JJ, Long M. Nucleotide variation and recombination along the fourth chromosome in Drosophila simulans. Genetics. 2004 Apr; 166(4):1783-94. PMID: 15126398; PMCID: PMC1470817.
      Citations: 16     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    90. Emerson JJ, Kaessmann H, Long M, Betrán E. Extensive gene traffic on the mammalian X chromosome. Science. 2004 Jan 23; 303(5657):537-40. PMID: 14739461.
      Citations: 198     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    91. Long M, Thornton K, Wang W, Betrán E. The origin of new genes: glimpses from the young and old. Nat Rev Genet. 2003 Nov; 4(11):865-75. PMID: 14634634.
      Citations: 423     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    92. Long M, Deutsch M, Wang W, Zhang J, Betrán E, Brunet FG. Origin of new genes: evidence from experimental and computational analyses. Genetica. 2003 Jul; 118(2-3):171-82. PMID: 12868607.
      Citations: 27     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    93. Long M, Betrán E. Dntf-2r, a young Drosophila retroposed gene with specific male expression under positive Darwinian selection. Genetics. 2003 Jul; 164(3):977-88. PMID: 12871908; PMCID: PMC1462638.
      Citations: 60     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    94. Thornton K, Long M, Betrán E. Retroposed new genes out of the X in Drosophila. Genome Res. 2002 Dec; 12(12):1854-9. PMID: 12466289; PMCID: PMC187566.
      Citations: 229     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    95. Llopart A, Comeron JM, Lachaise D, Long M, Llopart A, Comeron JM, Lachaise D, Long M. Intron presence-absence polymorphism in Drosophila driven by positive Darwinian selection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jun 11; 99(12):8121-6. PMID: 12060758; PMCID: PMC123031.
      Citations: 47     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    96. Thornton K, Long M. Rapid divergence of gene duplicates on the Drosophila melanogaster X chromosome. Mol Biol Evol. 2002 Jun; 19(6):918-25. PMID: 12032248.
      Citations: 51     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    97. Wang W, Jin L, Long M, Wang W, Jin L, Long M. Evolution of the phosphoglycerate mutase processed gene in human and chimpanzee revealing the origin of a new primate gene. Mol Biol Evol. 2002 May; 19(5):654-63. PMID: 11961099.
      Citations: 30     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    98. Long M, Long M. Expansion of genome coding regions by acquisition of new genes. Genetica. 2002 May; 115(1):65-80. PMID: 12188049.
      Citations: 14     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    99. Wang W, Nevo E, Long M, Brunet FG. Origin of sphinx, a young chimeric RNA gene in Drosophila melanogaster. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Apr 02; 99(7):4448-53. PMID: 11904380; PMCID: PMC123668.
      Citations: 68     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    100. Wang W, Thornton K, Berry A, Long M. Nucleotide variation along the Drosophila melanogaster fourth chromosome. Science. 2002 Jan 04; 295(5552):134-7. PMID: 11778050.
      Citations: 39     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    101. Long M, Long M. Evolution of novel genes. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2001 Dec; 11(6):673-80. PMID: 11682312.
      Citations: 54     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    102. Long M, Thornton K, Long M, Thornton K. Gene duplication and evolution. Science. 2001 Aug 31; 293(5535):1551. PMID: 11533445.
      Citations: 18     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    103. Long M, Rosenberg C. Testing the "proto-splice sites" model of intron origin: evidence from analysis of intron phase correlations. Mol Biol Evol. 2000 Dec; 17(12):1789-96. PMID: 11110894.
      Citations: 11     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    104. Long M. A new function evolved from gene fusion. Genome Res. 2000 Nov; 10(11):1655-7. PMID: 11076848.
      Citations: 16     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    105. Wang W, Zhang J, Alvarez C, Llopart A, Long M. The origin of the Jingwei gene and the complex modular structure of its parental gene, yellow emperor, in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Biol Evol. 2000 Sep; 17(9):1294-301. PMID: 10958846.
      Citations: 41     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    106. Long M, Deutsch M. Association of intron phases with conservation at splice site sequences and evolution of spliceosomal introns. Mol Biol Evol. 1999 Nov; 16(11):1528-34. PMID: 10555284.
      Citations: 41     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    107. Long M, Wang W, Zhang J. Origin of new genes and source for N-terminal domain of the chimerical gene, jingwei, in Drosophila. Gene. 1999 Sep 30; 238(1):135-41. PMID: 10570991.
      Citations: 16     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    108. Deutsch M, Long M. Intron-exon structures of eukaryotic model organisms. Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 Aug 01; 27(15):3219-28. PMID: 10454621; PMCID: PMC148551.
      Citations: 153     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    109. Ranz JM, Barbadilla A, Long M, Ruiz A, Cáceres M. Generation of a widespread Drosophila inversion by a transposable element. Science. 1999 Jul 16; 285(5426):415-8. PMID: 10411506.
      Citations: 86     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    110. de Souza SJ, Long M, Klein RJ, Roy S, Lin S, Gilbert W. Toward a resolution of the introns early/late debate: only phase zero introns are correlated with the structure of ancient proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Apr 28; 95(9):5094-9. PMID: 9560234; PMCID: PMC20219.
      Citations: 46     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    111. Long M, de Souza SJ, Rosenberg C, Gilbert W. Relationship between "proto-splice sites" and intron phases: evidence from dicodon analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Jan 06; 95(1):219-23. PMID: 9419356; PMCID: PMC18181.
      Citations: 39     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    112. Long M, de Souza SJ, Gilbert W. The yeast splice site revisited: new exon consensus from genomic analysis. Cell. 1997 Dec 12; 91(6):739-40. PMID: 9413983.
      Citations: 12     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    113. Gilbert W, de Souza SJ, Long M. Origin of genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Jul 22; 94(15):7698-703. PMID: 9223251; PMCID: PMC33679.
      Citations: 63     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    114. Long M, de Souza SJ, Rosenberg C, Gilbert W. Exon shuffling and the origin of the mitochondrial targeting function in plant cytochrome c1 precursor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jul 23; 93(15):7727-31. PMID: 8755543; PMCID: PMC38815.
      Citations: 28     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    115. de Souza SJ, Long M, Gilbert W. Introns and gene evolution. Genes Cells. 1996 Jun; 1(6):493-505. PMID: 9078380.
      Citations: 14     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    116. Long M, Rosenberg C, Gilbert W. Intron phase correlations and the evolution of the intron/exon structure of genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Dec 19; 92(26):12495-9. PMID: 8618928; PMCID: PMC40384.
      Citations: 97     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    117. Long M, de Souza SJ, Gilbert W. Evolution of the intron-exon structure of eukaryotic genes. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 1995 Dec; 5(6):774-8. PMID: 8745076.
      Citations: 37     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    118. Long M, Langley CH. Natural selection and the origin of jingwei, a chimeric processed functional gene in Drosophila. Science. 1993 Apr 02; 260(5104):91-5. PMID: 7682012.
      Citations: 178     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    119. Long M, Gillespie JH. Codon usage divergence of homologous vertebrate genes and codon usage clock. J Mol Evol. 1991 Jan; 32(1):6-15. PMID: 1901369.
      Citations: 15     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
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