"Phenytoin" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus,
MeSH (Medical Subject Headings). Descriptors are arranged in a hierarchical structure,
which enables searching at various levels of specificity.
An anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs.
| Descriptor ID |
D010672
|
| MeSH Number(s) |
D03.383.129.308.432.555.730
|
| Concept/Terms |
Phenytoin- Phenytoin
- 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin
- Fenitoin
- 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione
- Diphenylhydantoin
Phenytoin Sodium- Phenytoin Sodium
- Sodium Diphenylhydantoinate
- Diphenylhydantoinate, Sodium
|
Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Phenytoin".
Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more specific than "Phenytoin".
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Phenytoin" by people in this website by year, and whether "Phenytoin" was a major or minor topic of these publications.
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| Year | Major Topic | Minor Topic | Total |
|---|
| 2003 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2010 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2011 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2012 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2016 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2021 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
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Below are the most recent publications written about "Phenytoin" by people in Profiles.
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Electronic Health Record Interoperability-Why Electronically Discontinued Medications Are Still Dispensed. JAMA Intern Med. 2021 10 01; 181(10):1383-1384.
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Evolving use of seizure medications after intracerebral hemorrhage: A multicenter study. Neurology. 2017 Jan 03; 88(1):52-56.
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Phenytoin toxicity in two-month-old Thai infant with CYP2C9 gene polymorphism--A case report. Brain Dev. 2016 Jan; 38(1):136-8.
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Concentrations of stiripentol in children and adults with epilepsy: the influence of dose, age, and comedication. Ther Drug Monit. 2012 Aug; 34(4):390-7.
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Phenytoin at optimum doses ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via modulation of immunoregulatory cells. J Neuroimmunol. 2011 Apr; 233(1-2):112-9.
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Seizures in patients with glioma treated with phenytoin and levetiracetam. J Neurosurg. 2010 Dec; 113(6):1176-81.
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Comparative effectiveness of 10 antiepileptic drugs in older adults with epilepsy. Arch Neurol. 2010 Apr; 67(4):408-15.
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Phenytoin decreases the blood concentrations of sirolimus in a liver transplant recipient: a case report. Ther Drug Monit. 2003 Feb; 25(1):117-9.
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Episodic nocturnal wanderings in non-epileptic young patients. Sleep. 1988 Apr; 11(2):156-61.
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Efficacy of individualized phenytoin sodium loading doses administered by intravenous infusion. Clin Pharm. 1988 Mar; 7(3):219-24.