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Margaret L. Gardel

TitleAssociate Professor
InstitutionUniversity of Chicago
DepartmentPhysics
AddressChicago IL 60637
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    Collapse Overview 
    Collapse overview
    My lab is dedicated to understanding how cell adhesion and migration is regulated by the physical behaviors and structure of the actin cytoskeleton, focal adhesions and cell-cell adhesions and how the physical behaviors of complex cytoskeletal machines emerge from their molecular constituents. We employ approaches from condensed matter physics, cell biology and biochemistry to study the physical properties of the actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesions within live cells and in reconstituted systems of purified proteins.

    Collapse Biography 
    Collapse education and training
    Harvard University, Cambridge, MAPhD05/2004Physics
    Brown University, Providence, RIBS05/1998Physics & Math
    Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA07/2007Cell Biology

    Collapse Research 
    Collapse research activities and funding
    R01GM104032     (GARDEL, MARGARET LISE)Sep 21, 2015 - Nov 30, 2023
    NIH
    Mechanical Regulation of Cell Adhesion by Dynamic Cytoskeletal Assemblies
    Role: Principal Investigator
    P50HL107171     (SOLWAY, JULIAN)May 1, 2011 - Apr 30, 2014
    NIH
    Therapeutic Potentiation of Bronchial Dilatation
    Role: Co-Principal Investigator
    DP1OD003354     (GARDEL, MARGARET LISE)Sep 30, 2007 - Jul 31, 2014
    NIH
    2007 NIH Director's Pioneer Award Program (DP1)
    Role: Principal Investigator

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse selected publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Faculty can login to make corrections and additions.
    Newest   |   Oldest   |   Most Cited   |   Most Discussed   |   Timeline   |   Field Summary   |   Plain Text
    PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Seetharaman S, Sala S, Gardel ML, Oakes PW, Seetharaman S, Sala S, Gardel ML, Oakes PW. Quantifying Strain-Sensing Protein Recruitment During Stress Fiber Repair. Methods Mol Biol. 2023; 2600:169-182. PMID: 36587097.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:Cells
    2. Lynch AM, Zhu Y, Lucas BG, Winkelman JD, Bai K, Martin SCT, Block S, Slabodnick MM, Audhya A, Goldstein B, Pettitt J, Gardel ML, Hardin J, Lynch AM, Zhu Y, Lucas BG, Winkelman JD, Bai K, Martin SCT, Block S, Slabodnick MM, Audhya A, Goldstein B, Pettitt J, Gardel ML, Hardin J. TES-1/Tes and ZYX-1/Zyxin protect junctional actin networks under tension during epidermal morphogenesis in the C.?elegans embryo. Curr Biol. 2022 12 05; 32(23):5189-5199.e6. PMID: 36384139; PMCID: PMC9729467.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:Animals
    3. Cavanaugh KE, Staddon MF, Chmiel TA, Harmon R, Budnar S, Yap AS, Banerjee S, Gardel ML, Cavanaugh KE, Staddon MF, Chmiel TA, Harmon R, Budnar S, Yap AS, Banerjee S, Gardel ML. Force-dependent intercellular adhesion strengthening underlies asymmetric adherens junction contraction. Curr Biol. 2022 Nov 07; 32(21):4779. PMID: 36347221.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    
    4. Kumar N, Zhang R, Redford SA, de Pablo JJ, Gardel ML, Kumar N, Zhang R, Redford SA, de Pablo JJ, Gardel ML. Catapulting of topological defects through elasticity bands in active nematics. Soft Matter. 2022 Jul 20; 18(28):5271-5281. PMID: 35789364.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:Animals
    5. Chmiel TA, Gardel ML, Chmiel TA, Gardel ML. Confluence and tight junction dependence of volume regulation in epithelial tissue. Mol Biol Cell. 2022 09 15; 33(11):ar98. PMID: 35731553; PMCID: PMC9582799.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    6. Cavanaugh KE, Staddon MF, Chmiel TA, Harmon R, Budnar S, Yap AS, Banerjee S, Gardel ML, Cavanaugh KE, Staddon MF, Chmiel TA, Harmon R, Budnar S, Yap AS, Banerjee S, Gardel ML. Force-dependent intercellular adhesion strengthening underlies asymmetric adherens junction contraction. Curr Biol. 2022 05 09; 32(9):1986-2000.e5. PMID: 35381185; PMCID: PMC9123775.
      Citations: 2     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    7. Harmon RM, Devany J, Gardel ML, Harmon RM, Devany J, Gardel ML. Dia1 coordinates differentiation and cell sorting in a stratified epithelium. J Cell Biol. 2022 05 02; 221(5). PMID: 35323863; PMCID: PMC8958268.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:Cells
    8. Anderson CA, Kovar DR, Gardel ML, Winkelman JD, Anderson CA, Kovar DR, Gardel ML, Winkelman JD. LIM domain proteins in cell mechanobiology. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken). 2021 06; 78(6):303-311. PMID: 34028199; PMCID: PMC8603407.
      Citations: 13     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    9. Scheff DR, Redford SA, Lorpaiboon C, Majumdar S, Dinner AR, Gardel ML, Scheff DR, Redford SA, Lorpaiboon C, Majumdar S, Dinner AR, Gardel ML. Actin filament alignment causes mechanical hysteresis in cross-linked networks. Soft Matter. 2021 Jun 09; 17(22):5499-5507. PMID: 33989373; PMCID: PMC8192476.
      Citations: 2     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    10. Anderegg L, Doyle J, Gardel ML, Gupta A, Hallas C, Lensky Y, Love NG, Lucas BA, Mazenc E, Meisenhelder C, Pillarisetti A, Ranard D, Squires AH, Vechakul J, Vilas NB, Williams S, Wilson D, Chen TN, Anderegg L, Doyle J, Gardel ML, Gupta A, Hallas C, Lensky Y, Love NG, Lucas BA, Mazenc E, Meisenhelder C, Pillarisetti A, Ranard D, Squires AH, Vechakul J, Vilas NB, Williams S, Wilson D, Chen TN. Heat and Humidity for Bioburden Reduction of N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators. Appl Biosaf. 2021 Jun 01; 26(2):80-89. PMID: 36034691; PMCID: PMC9134327.
      Citations:    
    11. Weirich KL, Stam S, Munro E, Gardel ML, Weirich KL, Stam S, Munro E, Gardel ML. Actin bundle architecture and mechanics regulate myosin II force generation. Biophys J. 2021 05 18; 120(10):1957-1970. PMID: 33798565; PMCID: PMC8204393.
      Citations: 8     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    12. Devany J, Sussman DM, Yamamoto T, Manning ML, Gardel ML, Devany J, Sussman DM, Yamamoto T, Manning ML, Gardel ML. Cell cycle-dependent active stress drives epithelia remodeling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 03 09; 118(10). PMID: 33649197; PMCID: PMC7958291.
      Citations: 6     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    13. Colen J, Han M, Zhang R, Redford SA, Lemma LM, Morgan L, Ruijgrok PV, Adkins R, Bryant Z, Dogic Z, Gardel ML, de Pablo JJ, Vitelli V, Colen J, Han M, Zhang R, Redford SA, Lemma LM, Morgan L, Ruijgrok PV, Adkins R, Bryant Z, Dogic Z, Gardel ML, de Pablo JJ, Vitelli V. Machine learning active-nematic hydrodynamics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 03 09; 118(10). PMID: 33653956; PMCID: PMC7958379.
      Citations: 3     Fields:    
    14. Zhang R, Redford SA, Ruijgrok PV, Kumar N, Mozaffari A, Zemsky S, Dinner AR, Vitelli V, Bryant Z, Gardel ML, de Pablo JJ, Zhang R, Redford SA, Ruijgrok PV, Kumar N, Mozaffari A, Zemsky S, Dinner AR, Vitelli V, Bryant Z, Gardel ML, de Pablo JJ. Spatiotemporal control of liquid crystal structure and dynamics through activity patterning. Nat Mater. 2021 06; 20(6):875-882. PMID: 33603187; PMCID: PMC8404743.
      Citations: 15     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    15. Winkelman JD, Anderson CA, Suarez C, Kovar DR, Gardel ML, Winkelman JD, Anderson CA, Suarez C, Kovar DR, Gardel ML. Evolutionarily diverse LIM domain-containing proteins bind stressed actin filaments through a conserved mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 10 13; 117(41):25532-25542. PMID: 32989126; PMCID: PMC7568268.
      Citations: 30     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    16. Cavanaugh KE, Chmiel TA, Gardel ML, Cavanaugh KE, Chmiel TA, Gardel ML. Caveolae Spelunking: Exploring a New Modality in Tensional Homeostasis. Dev Cell. 2020 07 06; 54(1):3-5. PMID: 32634397.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:Cells
    17. Cavanaugh KE, Staddon MF, Banerjee S, Gardel ML, Cavanaugh KE, Staddon MF, Banerjee S, Gardel ML. Adaptive viscoelasticity of epithelial cell junctions: from models to methods. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2020 08; 63:86-94. PMID: 32604032; PMCID: PMC7483996.
      Citations: 4     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    18. Scheff DR, Weirich KL, Dasbiswas K, Patel A, Vaikuntanathan S, Gardel ML, Scheff DR, Weirich KL, Dasbiswas K, Patel A, Vaikuntanathan S, Gardel ML. Tuning shape and internal structure of protein droplets via biopolymer filaments. Soft Matter. 2020 Jun 24; 16(24):5659-5668. PMID: 32519715.
      Citations: 3     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    19. Zhang R, Lee DM, Jimah JR, Gerassimov N, Yang C, Kim S, Luvsanjav D, Winkelman J, Mettlen M, Abrams ME, Kalia R, Keene P, Pandey P, Ravaux B, Kim JH, Ditlev JA, Zhang G, Rosen MK, Frost A, Alto NM, Gardel M, Schmid SL, Svitkina TM, Hinshaw JE, Chen EH, Zhang R, Lee DM, Jimah JR, Gerassimov N, Yang C, Kim S, Luvsanjav D, Winkelman J, Mettlen M, Abrams ME, Kalia R, Keene P, Pandey P, Ravaux B, Kim JH, Ditlev JA, Zhang G, Rosen MK, Frost A, Alto NM, Gardel M, Schmid SL, Svitkina TM, Hinshaw JE, Chen EH. Dynamin regulates the dynamics and mechanical strength of the actin cytoskeleton as a multifilament actin-bundling protein. Nat Cell Biol. 2020 06; 22(6):674-688. PMID: 32451441; PMCID: PMC7953826.
      Citations: 29     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    20. Cavanaugh KE, Oakes PW, Gardel ML, Cavanaugh KE, Oakes PW, Gardel ML. Optogenetic Control of RhoA to Probe Subcellular Mechanochemical Circuitry. Curr Protoc Cell Biol. 2020 03; 86(1):e102. PMID: 32031760; PMCID: PMC7008778.
      Citations: 6     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    21. Ludwig NB, Weirch KL, Alster E, Witten TA, Gardel ML, Dasbiswas K, Vaikuntanathan S, Ludwig NB, Weirch KL, Alster E, Witten TA, Gardel ML, Dasbiswas K, Vaikuntanathan S. Nucleation and shape dynamics of model nematic tactoids around adhesive colloids. J Chem Phys. 2020 Feb 28; 152(8):084901. PMID: 32113348.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:Cells
    22. Scholz M, Weirich KL, Gardel ML, Dinner AR, Scholz M, Weirich KL, Gardel ML, Dinner AR. Tuning molecular motor transport through cytoskeletal filament network organization. Soft Matter. 2020 Feb 26; 16(8):2135-2140. PMID: 32016200.
      Citations: 5     Fields:    
    23. Cavanaugh KE, Staddon MF, Munro E, Banerjee S, Gardel ML, Cavanaugh KE, Staddon MF, Munro E, Banerjee S, Gardel ML. RhoA Mediates Epithelial Cell Shape Changes via Mechanosensitive Endocytosis. Dev Cell. 2020 01 27; 52(2):152-166.e5. PMID: 31883774; PMCID: PMC7565439.
      Citations: 33     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    24. Banerjee S, Gardel ML, Schwarz US, Banerjee S, Gardel ML, Schwarz US. The Actin Cytoskeleton as an Active Adaptive Material. Annu Rev Condens Matter Phys. 2020 Mar; 11(1):421-439. PMID: 33343823; PMCID: PMC7748259.
      Citations: 20     
    25. Staddon MF, Cavanaugh KE, Munro EM, Gardel ML, Banerjee S, Staddon MF, Cavanaugh KE, Munro EM, Gardel ML, Banerjee S. Mechanosensitive Junction Remodeling Promotes Robust Epithelial Morphogenesis. Biophys J. 2019 11 05; 117(9):1739-1750. PMID: 31635790; PMCID: PMC6838884.
      Citations: 17     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    26. Huang JX, Lee G, Cavanaugh KE, Chang JW, Gardel ML, Moellering RE, Huang JX, Lee G, Cavanaugh KE, Chang JW, Gardel ML, Moellering RE. High throughput discovery of functional protein modifications by Hotspot Thermal Profiling. Nat Methods. 2019 09; 16(9):894-901. PMID: 31384043; PMCID: PMC7238970.
      Citations: 30     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    27. Arzash S, McCall PM, Feng J, Gardel ML, MacKintosh FC, Arzash S, McCall PM, Feng J, Gardel ML, MacKintosh FC. Stress relaxation in F-actin solutions by severing. Soft Matter. 2019 Aug 21; 15(31):6300-6307. PMID: 31342050.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:Cells
    28. McCall PM, MacKintosh FC, Kovar DR, Gardel ML, McCall PM, MacKintosh FC, Kovar DR, Gardel ML. Cofilin drives rapid turnover and fluidization of entangled F-actin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 06 25; 116(26):12629-12637. PMID: 31189606; PMCID: PMC6600917.
      Citations: 15     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    29. Weirich KL, Dasbiswas K, Witten TA, Vaikuntanathan S, Gardel ML, Weirich KL, Dasbiswas K, Witten TA, Vaikuntanathan S, Gardel ML. Self-organizing motors divide active liquid droplets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 06 04; 116(23):11125-11130. PMID: 31113883; PMCID: PMC6561301.
      Citations: 9     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    30. Kumar N, Zhang R, de Pablo JJ, Gardel ML, Kumar N, Zhang R, de Pablo JJ, Gardel ML. Tunable structure and dynamics of active liquid crystals. Sci Adv. 2018 10; 4(10):eaat7779. PMID: 30333990; PMCID: PMC6184751.
      Citations: 27     Fields:    
    31. Schaumann EN, Staddon MF, Gardel ML, Banerjee S, Schaumann EN, Staddon MF, Gardel ML, Banerjee S. Force localization modes in dynamic epithelial colonies. Mol Biol Cell. 2018 11 15; 29(23):2835-2847. PMID: 30207837; PMCID: PMC6249864.
      Citations: 9     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    32. McCall PM, Srivastava S, Perry SL, Kovar DR, Gardel ML, Tirrell MV, McCall PM, Srivastava S, Perry SL, Kovar DR, Gardel ML, Tirrell MV. Partitioning and Enhanced Self-Assembly of Actin in Polypeptide Coacervates. Biophys J. 2018 04 10; 114(7):1636-1645. PMID: 29642033; PMCID: PMC5954293.
      Citations: 22     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    33. Majumdar S, Foucard LC, Levine AJ, Gardel ML, Majumdar S, Foucard LC, Levine AJ, Gardel ML. Mechanical hysteresis in actin networks. Soft Matter. 2018 Mar 14; 14(11):2052-2058. PMID: 29479596.
      Citations: 6     Fields:    
    34. Nekrasova O, Harmon RM, Broussard JA, Koetsier JL, Godsel LM, Fitz GN, Gardel ML, Green KJ, Nekrasova O, Harmon RM, Broussard JA, Koetsier JL, Godsel LM, Fitz GN, Gardel ML, Green KJ. Desmosomal cadherin association with Tctex-1 and cortactin-Arp2/3 drives perijunctional actin polymerization to promote keratinocyte delamination. Nat Commun. 2018 03 13; 9(1):1053. PMID: 29535305; PMCID: PMC5849617.
      Citations: 22     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    35. Oakes PW, Bidone TC, Beckham Y, Skeeters AV, Ramirez-San Juan GR, Winter SP, Voth GA, Gardel ML, Oakes PW, Bidone TC, Beckham Y, Skeeters AV, Ramirez-San Juan GR, Winter SP, Voth GA, Gardel ML. Lamellipodium is a myosin-independent mechanosensor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 03 13; 115(11):2646-2651. PMID: 29487208; PMCID: PMC5856528.
      Citations: 35     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    36. Fessenden TB, Beckham Y, Perez-Neut M, Ramirez-San Juan G, Chourasia AH, Macleod KF, Oakes PW, Gardel ML, Fessenden TB, Beckham Y, Perez-Neut M, Ramirez-San Juan G, Chourasia AH, Macleod KF, Oakes PW, Gardel ML. Dia1-dependent adhesions are required by epithelial tissues to initiate invasion. J Cell Biol. 2018 04 02; 217(4):1485-1502. PMID: 29437785; PMCID: PMC5881494.
      Citations: 14     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    37. Zhang R, Kumar N, Ross JL, Gardel ML, de Pablo JJ, Zhang R, Kumar N, Ross JL, Gardel ML, de Pablo JJ. Interplay of structure, elasticity, and dynamics in actin-based nematic materials. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 01 09; 115(2):E124-E133. PMID: 29284753; PMCID: PMC5777046.
      Citations: 24     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    38. McFadden WM, McCall PM, Gardel ML, Munro EM, McFadden WM, McCall PM, Gardel ML, Munro EM. Filament turnover tunes both force generation and dissipation to control long-range flows in a model actomyosin cortex. PLoS Comput Biol. 2017 12; 13(12):e1005811. PMID: 29253848; PMCID: PMC5757993.
      Citations: 18     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    39. Stam S, Freedman SL, Banerjee S, Weirich KL, Dinner AR, Gardel ML, Stam S, Freedman SL, Banerjee S, Weirich KL, Dinner AR, Gardel ML. Filament rigidity and connectivity tune the deformation modes of active biopolymer networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 11 21; 114(47):E10037-E10045. PMID: 29114058; PMCID: PMC5703288.
      Citations: 25     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    40. Oakes PW, Wagner E, Brand CA, Probst D, Linke M, Schwarz US, Glotzer M, Gardel ML, Oakes PW, Wagner E, Brand CA, Probst D, Linke M, Schwarz US, Glotzer M, Gardel ML. Optogenetic control of RhoA reveals zyxin-mediated elasticity of stress fibres. Nat Commun. 2017 06 12; 8:15817. PMID: 28604737; PMCID: PMC5477492.
      Citations: 50     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    41. Suarez C, McCall PM, Gardel ML, Kovar DR, Suarez C, McCall PM, Gardel ML, Kovar DR. When Is "Enough" Enough? Cell Syst. 2017 05 24; 4(5):480-482. PMID: 28544879.
      Citations: 2     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    42. Hissa B, Oakes PW, Pontes B, Ram?rez-San Juan G, Gardel ML, Hissa B, Oakes PW, Pontes B, Ram?rez-San Juan G, Gardel ML. Cholesterol depletion impairs contractile machinery in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Sci Rep. 2017 03 03; 7:43764. PMID: 28256617; PMCID: PMC5335656.
      Citations: 16     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    43. Ramirez-San Juan GR, Oakes PW, Gardel ML, Ramirez-San Juan GR, Oakes PW, Gardel ML. Contact guidance requires spatial control of leading-edge protrusion. Mol Biol Cell. 2017 Apr 15; 28(8):1043-1053. PMID: 28228548; PMCID: PMC5391181.
      Citations: 29     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    44. Weirich KL, Banerjee S, Dasbiswas K, Witten TA, Vaikuntanathan S, Gardel ML, Weirich KL, Banerjee S, Dasbiswas K, Witten TA, Vaikuntanathan S, Gardel ML. Liquid behavior of cross-linked actin bundles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 02 28; 114(9):2131-2136. PMID: 28202730; PMCID: PMC5338483.
      Citations: 38     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    45. Piel M, Gardel M, Piel M, Gardel M. Editorial overview: Cell architecture. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2016 Feb; 38:v-vi. PMID: 26971062.
      Citations:    Fields:    
    46. Murrell M, Oakes PW, Lenz M, Gardel ML, Murrell M, Oakes PW, Lenz M, Gardel ML. Forcing cells into shape: the mechanics of actomyosin contractility. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2015 Aug; 16(8):486-98. PMID: 26130009; PMCID: PMC7443980.
      Citations: 192     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    47. Craig EM, Stricker J, Gardel M, Mogilner A, Craig EM, Stricker J, Gardel M, Mogilner A. Model for adhesion clutch explains biphasic relationship between actin flow and traction at the cell leading edge. Phys Biol. 2015 May 13; 12(3):035002. PMID: 25969948; PMCID: PMC4452030.
      Citations: 16     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    48. De La Cruz EM, Gardel ML, De La Cruz EM, Gardel ML. Actin Mechanics and Fragmentation. J Biol Chem. 2015 Jul 10; 290(28):17137-44. PMID: 25957404; PMCID: PMC4498053.
      Citations: 46     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    49. Stam S, Alberts J, Gardel ML, Munro E, Stam S, Alberts J, Gardel ML, Munro E. Isoforms Confer Characteristic Force Generation and Mechanosensation by Myosin II Filaments. Biophys J. 2015 Apr 21; 108(8):1997-2006. PMID: 25902439; PMCID: PMC4407263.
      Citations: 29     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    50. Soin? JR, Brand CA, Stricker J, Oakes PW, Gardel ML, Schwarz US, Soin? JR, Brand CA, Stricker J, Oakes PW, Gardel ML, Schwarz US. Model-based traction force microscopy reveals differential tension in cellular actin bundles. PLoS Comput Biol. 2015 Mar; 11(3):e1004076. PMID: 25748431; PMCID: PMC4352062.
      Citations: 50     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    51. Meng F, Mambetsariev I, Tian Y, Beckham Y, Meliton A, Leff A, Gardel ML, Allen MJ, Birukov KG, Birukova AA, Meng F, Mambetsariev I, Tian Y, Beckham Y, Meliton A, Leff A, Gardel ML, Allen MJ, Birukov KG, Birukova AA. Attenuation of lipopolysaccharide-induced lung vascular stiffening by lipoxin reduces lung inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2015 Feb; 52(2):152-61. PMID: 24992633; PMCID: PMC4370244.
      Citations: 26     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    52. Gardel ML, Gardel ML. Moving beyond molecular mechanisms. J Cell Biol. 2015 Jan 19; 208(2):143-5. PMID: 25601400; PMCID: PMC4298694.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    53. Cetera M, Ramirez-San Juan GR, Oakes PW, Lewellyn L, Fairchild MJ, Tanentzapf G, Gardel ML, Horne-Badovinac S, Cetera M, Ramirez-San Juan GR, Oakes PW, Lewellyn L, Fairchild MJ, Tanentzapf G, Gardel ML, Horne-Badovinac S. Epithelial rotation promotes the global alignment of contractile actin bundles during Drosophila egg chamber elongation. Nat Commun. 2014 Nov 21; 5:5511. PMID: 25413675; PMCID: PMC4241503.
      Citations: 86     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    54. Stam S, Gardel ML, Stam S, Gardel ML. Cutting through the noise: the mechanics of intracellular transport. Dev Cell. 2014 Aug 25; 30(4):365-6. PMID: 25158851.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    55. Oakes PW, Banerjee S, Marchetti MC, Gardel ML, Oakes PW, Banerjee S, Marchetti MC, Gardel ML. Geometry regulates traction stresses in adherent cells. Biophys J. 2014 Aug 19; 107(4):825-33. PMID: 25140417; PMCID: PMC4142236.
      Citations: 85     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    56. Maruthamuthu V, Gardel ML, Maruthamuthu V, Gardel ML. Protrusive activity guides changes in cell-cell tension during epithelial cell scattering. Biophys J. 2014 Aug 05; 107(3):555-563. PMID: 25099795; PMCID: PMC4129477.
      Citations: 23     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    57. Oakes PW, Gardel ML, Oakes PW, Gardel ML. Stressing the limits of focal adhesion mechanosensitivity. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2014 Oct; 30:68-73. PMID: 24998185; PMCID: PMC4459577.
      Citations: 59     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    58. Beckham Y, Vasquez RJ, Stricker J, Sayegh K, Campillo C, Gardel ML, Beckham Y, Vasquez RJ, Stricker J, Sayegh K, Campillo C, Gardel ML. Arp2/3 inhibition induces amoeboid-like protrusions in MCF10A epithelial cells by reduced cytoskeletal-membrane coupling and focal adhesion assembly. PLoS One. 2014; 9(6):e100943. PMID: 24967897; PMCID: PMC4072770.
      Citations: 18     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    59. Murrell M, Gardel ML, Murrell M, Gardel ML. Actomyosin sliding is attenuated in contractile biomimetic cortices. Mol Biol Cell. 2014 Jun 15; 25(12):1845-53. PMID: 24760970; PMCID: PMC4055264.
      Citations: 23     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    60. Kim T, Gardel ML, Munro E, Kim T, Gardel ML, Munro E. Determinants of fluidlike behavior and effective viscosity in cross-linked actin networks. Biophys J. 2014 Feb 04; 106(3):526-34. PMID: 24507593; PMCID: PMC3944977.
      Citations: 27     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    61. Murrell M, Thoresen T, Gardel M, Murrell M, Thoresen T, Gardel M. Reconstitution of contractile actomyosin arrays. Methods Enzymol. 2014; 540:265-82. PMID: 24630112; PMCID: PMC4459579.
      Citations: 14     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    62. Burov S, Tabei SM, Huynh T, Murrell MP, Philipson LH, Rice SA, Gardel ML, Scherer NF, Dinner AR, Burov S, Tabei SM, Huynh T, Murrell MP, Philipson LH, Rice SA, Gardel ML, Scherer NF, Dinner AR. Distribution of directional change as a signature of complex dynamics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Dec 03; 110(49):19689-94. PMID: 24248363; PMCID: PMC3856831.
      Citations: 29     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    63. Stricker J, Beckham Y, Davidson MW, Gardel ML, Stricker J, Beckham Y, Davidson MW, Gardel ML. Myosin II-mediated focal adhesion maturation is tension insensitive. PLoS One. 2013; 8(7):e70652. PMID: 23923013; PMCID: PMC3726642.
      Citations: 24     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    64. Falzone TT, Oakes PW, Sees J, Kovar DR, Gardel ML, Falzone TT, Oakes PW, Sees J, Kovar DR, Gardel ML. Actin assembly factors regulate the gelation kinetics and architecture of F-actin networks. Biophys J. 2013 Apr 16; 104(8):1709-19. PMID: 23601318; PMCID: PMC3628567.
      Citations: 8     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    65. Gardel M, Gardel M. Margaret Gardel: at the interface of physics and biology. Interview by Caitlin Sedwick. J Cell Biol. 2013 Apr 15; 201(2):170-1. PMID: 23589489; PMCID: PMC3628516.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    66. Thoresen T, Lenz M, Gardel ML, Thoresen T, Lenz M, Gardel ML. Thick filament length and isoform composition determine self-organized contractile units in actomyosin bundles. Biophys J. 2013 Feb 05; 104(3):655-65. PMID: 23442916; PMCID: PMC3566465.
      Citations: 31     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    67. Gardel ML, Gardel ML. Materials science: Synthetic polymers with biological rigidity. Nature. 2013 Jan 31; 493(7434):618-9. PMID: 23354043.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    
    68. Birukova AA, Tian X, Cokic I, Beckham Y, Gardel ML, Birukov KG, Birukova AA, Tian X, Cokic I, Beckham Y, Gardel ML, Birukov KG. Endothelial barrier disruption and recovery is controlled by substrate stiffness. Microvasc Res. 2013 May; 87:50-7. PMID: 23296034; PMCID: PMC3627818.
      Citations: 51     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    69. Caswell TA, Zhang Z, Gardel ML, Nagel SR, Caswell TA, Zhang Z, Gardel ML, Nagel SR. Observation and characterization of the vestige of the jamming transition in a thermal three-dimensional system. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2013 Jan; 87(1):012303. PMID: 23410327.
      Citations: 3     Fields:    
    70. Murrell MP, Gardel ML, Murrell MP, Gardel ML. F-actin buckling coordinates contractility and severing in a biomimetic actomyosin cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Dec 18; 109(51):20820-5. PMID: 23213249; PMCID: PMC3529094.
      Citations: 152     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    71. Gardel ML, Gardel ML. Living matter--nexus of physics and biology in the 21st century. Mol Biol Cell. 2012 Nov; 23(21):4165-6. PMID: 23112229; PMCID: PMC3484094.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    72. Fischer RS, Myers KA, Gardel ML, Waterman CM, Fischer RS, Myers KA, Gardel ML, Waterman CM. Stiffness-controlled three-dimensional extracellular matrices for high-resolution imaging of cell behavior. Nat Protoc. 2012 Nov; 7(11):2056-66. PMID: 23099487; PMCID: PMC3845971.
      Citations: 57     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    73. Stachowiak MR, McCall PM, Thoresen T, Balcioglu HE, Kasiewicz L, Gardel ML, O'Shaughnessy B, Stachowiak MR, McCall PM, Thoresen T, Balcioglu HE, Kasiewicz L, Gardel ML, O'Shaughnessy B. Self-organization of myosin II in reconstituted actomyosin bundles. Biophys J. 2012 Sep 19; 103(6):1265-74. PMID: 22995499; PMCID: PMC3446672.
      Citations: 27     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    74. Schwarz US, Gardel ML, Schwarz US, Gardel ML. United we stand: integrating the actin cytoskeleton and cell-matrix adhesions in cellular mechanotransduction. J Cell Sci. 2012 Jul 01; 125(Pt 13):3051-60. PMID: 22797913; PMCID: PMC3434863.
      Citations: 118     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    75. Lenz M, Thoresen T, Gardel ML, Dinner AR, Lenz M, Thoresen T, Gardel ML, Dinner AR. Contractile units in disordered actomyosin bundles arise from F-actin buckling. Phys Rev Lett. 2012 Jun 08; 108(23):238107. PMID: 23003998; PMCID: PMC4447086.
      Citations: 63     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    76. Falzone TT, Lenz M, Kovar DR, Gardel ML, Falzone TT, Lenz M, Kovar DR, Gardel ML. Assembly kinetics determine the architecture of a-actinin crosslinked F-actin networks. Nat Commun. 2012 May 29; 3:861. PMID: 22643888; PMCID: PMC3563296.
      Citations: 46     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    77. Lenz M, Gardel ML, Dinner AR, Lenz M, Gardel ML, Dinner AR. Requirements for contractility in disordered cytoskeletal bundles. New J Phys. 2012 Mar 01; 14. PMID: 23155355; PMCID: PMC3496381.
      Citations: 40     
    78. Oakes PW, Beckham Y, Stricker J, Gardel ML, Oakes PW, Beckham Y, Stricker J, Gardel ML. Tension is required but not sufficient for focal adhesion maturation without a stress fiber template. J Cell Biol. 2012 Feb 06; 196(3):363-74. PMID: 22291038; PMCID: PMC3275371.
      Citations: 160     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    79. Stricker J, Aratyn-Schaus Y, Oakes PW, Gardel ML, Stricker J, Aratyn-Schaus Y, Oakes PW, Gardel ML. Spatiotemporal constraints on the force-dependent growth of focal adhesions. Biophys J. 2011 Jun 22; 100(12):2883-93. PMID: 21689521; PMCID: PMC3123981.
      Citations: 86     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    80. Thoresen T, Lenz M, Gardel ML, Thoresen T, Lenz M, Gardel ML. Reconstitution of contractile actomyosin bundles. Biophys J. 2011 Jun 08; 100(11):2698-705. PMID: 21641315; PMCID: PMC3117186.
      Citations: 64     Fields:    
    81. Maruthamuthu V, Sabass B, Schwarz US, Gardel ML, Maruthamuthu V, Sabass B, Schwarz US, Gardel ML. Cell-ECM traction force modulates endogenous tension at cell-cell contacts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Mar 22; 108(12):4708-13. PMID: 21383129; PMCID: PMC3064395.
      Citations: 222     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    82. Aratyn-Schaus Y, Oakes PW, Gardel ML, Aratyn-Schaus Y, Oakes PW, Gardel ML. Dynamic and structural signatures of lamellar actomyosin force generation. Mol Biol Cell. 2011 Apr 15; 22(8):1330-9. PMID: 21307339; PMCID: PMC3078065.
      Citations: 53     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    83. Norstrom M, Gardel ML, Norstrom M, Gardel ML. Shear thickening of F-actin networks crosslinked with non-muscle myosin IIB. Soft Matter. 2011 Jan 01; 2011(7):3228-3233. PMID: 21552431; PMCID: PMC3088166.
      Citations: 9     Fields:    
    84. Aratyn-Schaus Y, Oakes PW, Stricker J, Winter SP, Gardel ML, Aratyn-Schaus Y, Oakes PW, Stricker J, Winter SP, Gardel ML. Preparation of complaint matrices for quantifying cellular contraction. J Vis Exp. 2010 Dec 14; (46). PMID: 21178972; PMCID: PMC3159639.
      Citations: 58     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    85. Smith MA, Blankman E, Gardel ML, Luettjohann L, Waterman CM, Beckerle MC, Smith MA, Blankman E, Gardel ML, Luettjohann L, Waterman CM, Beckerle MC. A zyxin-mediated mechanism for actin stress fiber maintenance and repair. Dev Cell. 2010 Sep 14; 19(3):365-76. PMID: 20833360; PMCID: PMC2954498.
      Citations: 105     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    86. Maruthamuthu V, Aratyn-Schaus Y, Gardel ML, Maruthamuthu V, Aratyn-Schaus Y, Gardel ML. Conserved F-actin dynamics and force transmission at cell adhesions. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2010 Oct; 22(5):583-8. PMID: 20728328; PMCID: PMC2948584.
      Citations: 35     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    87. Borghi N, Lowndes M, Maruthamuthu V, Gardel ML, Nelson WJ, Borghi N, Lowndes M, Maruthamuthu V, Gardel ML, Nelson WJ. Regulation of cell motile behavior by crosstalk between cadherin- and integrin-mediated adhesions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jul 27; 107(30):13324-9. PMID: 20566866; PMCID: PMC2922157.
      Citations: 91     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    88. Aratyn-Schaus Y, Gardel ML, Aratyn-Schaus Y, Gardel ML. Transient frictional slip between integrin and the ECM in focal adhesions under myosin II tension. Curr Biol. 2010 Jul 13; 20(13):1145-53. PMID: 20541412; PMCID: PMC2902720.
      Citations: 60     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    89. Stricker J, Sabass B, Schwarz US, Gardel ML, Stricker J, Sabass B, Schwarz US, Gardel ML. Optimization of traction force microscopy for micron-sized focal adhesions. J Phys Condens Matter. 2010 May 19; 22(19):194104. PMID: 20523913; PMCID: PMC2879600.
      Citations: 25     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    90. Gardel M, Schwarz U, Gardel M, Schwarz U. Cell-substrate interactions. J Phys Condens Matter. 2010 May 19; 22(19):190301. PMID: 21386358.
      Citations: 5     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    91. Gardel ML, Schneider IC, Aratyn-Schaus Y, Waterman CM, Gardel ML, Schneider IC, Aratyn-Schaus Y, Waterman CM. Mechanical integration of actin and adhesion dynamics in cell migration. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2010; 26:315-33. PMID: 19575647; PMCID: PMC4437624.
      Citations: 409     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    92. Gardel E, Sitaridou E, Facto K, Keene E, Hattam K, Easwar N, Menon N, Gardel E, Sitaridou E, Facto K, Keene E, Hattam K, Easwar N, Menon N. Dynamical fluctuations in dense granular flows. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2009 Dec 28; 367(1909):5109-21. PMID: 19933130.
      Citations:    Fields:    
    93. Rizvi SA, Neidt EM, Cui J, Feiger Z, Skau CT, Gardel ML, Kozmin SA, Kovar DR, Rizvi SA, Neidt EM, Cui J, Feiger Z, Skau CT, Gardel ML, Kozmin SA, Kovar DR. Identification and characterization of a small molecule inhibitor of formin-mediated actin assembly. Chem Biol. 2009 Nov 25; 16(11):1158-68. PMID: 19942139; PMCID: PMC2784894.
      Citations: 188     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    94. Stricker J, Falzone T, Gardel ML, Stricker J, Falzone T, Gardel ML. Mechanics of the F-actin cytoskeleton. J Biomech. 2010 Jan 05; 43(1):9-14. PMID: 19913792; PMCID: PMC2813332.
      Citations: 144     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    95. Fischer RS, Gardel M, Ma X, Adelstein RS, Waterman CM, Fischer RS, Gardel M, Ma X, Adelstein RS, Waterman CM. Local cortical tension by myosin II guides 3D endothelial cell branching. Curr Biol. 2009 Feb 10; 19(3):260-5. PMID: 19185493; PMCID: PMC2777763.
      Citations: 89     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    96. Gardel ML, Sabass B, Ji L, Danuser G, Schwarz US, Waterman CM, Gardel ML, Sabass B, Ji L, Danuser G, Schwarz US, Waterman CM. Traction stress in focal adhesions correlates biphasically with actin retrograde flow speed. J Cell Biol. 2008 Dec 15; 183(6):999-1005. PMID: 19075110; PMCID: PMC2600750.
      Citations: 220     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    97. Aratyn-Schaus Y, Gardel ML, Aratyn-Schaus Y, Gardel ML. Biophysics. Clutch dynamics. Science. 2008 Dec 12; 322(5908):1646-7. PMID: 19074337.
      Citations: 5     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    98. Lim Y, Lim ST, Tomar A, Gardel M, Bernard-Trifilo JA, Chen XL, Uryu SA, Canete-Soler R, Zhai J, Lin H, Schlaepfer WW, Nalbant P, Bokoch G, Ilic D, Waterman-Storer C, Schlaepfer DD, Lim Y, Lim ST, Tomar A, Gardel M, Bernard-Trifilo JA, Chen XL, Uryu SA, Canete-Soler R, Zhai J, Lin H, Schlaepfer WW, Nalbant P, Bokoch G, Ilic D, Waterman-Storer C, Schlaepfer DD. PyK2 and FAK connections to p190Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor regulate RhoA activity, focal adhesion formation, and cell motility. J Cell Biol. 2008 Jan 14; 180(1):187-203. PMID: 18195107; PMCID: PMC2213606.
      Citations: 125     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    99. Gardel ML, Kasza KE, Brangwynne CP, Liu J, Weitz DA, Gardel ML, Kasza KE, Brangwynne CP, Liu J, Weitz DA. Chapter 19: Mechanical response of cytoskeletal networks. Methods Cell Biol. 2008; 89:487-519. PMID: 19118688; PMCID: PMC4456006.
      Citations: 74     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    100. Sabass B, Gardel ML, Waterman CM, Schwarz US, Sabass B, Gardel ML, Waterman CM, Schwarz US. High resolution traction force microscopy based on experimental and computational advances. Biophys J. 2008 Jan 01; 94(1):207-20. PMID: 17827246; PMCID: PMC2134850.
      Citations: 237     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    101. F?ral CC, Zijlstra A, Tkachenko E, Prager G, Gardel ML, Slepak M, Ginsberg MH, F?ral CC, Zijlstra A, Tkachenko E, Prager G, Gardel ML, Slepak M, Ginsberg MH. CD98hc (SLC3A2) participates in fibronectin matrix assembly by mediating integrin signaling. J Cell Biol. 2007 Aug 13; 178(4):701-11. PMID: 17682053; PMCID: PMC2064475.
      Citations: 42     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    102. Ji L, Loerke D, Gardel M, Danuser G, Ji L, Loerke D, Gardel M, Danuser G. Probing intracellular force distributions by high-resolution live cell imaging and inverse dynamics. Methods Cell Biol. 2007; 83:199-235. PMID: 17613310.
      Citations: 3     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    103. Liu J, Gardel ML, Kroy K, Frey E, Hoffman BD, Crocker JC, Bausch AR, Weitz DA, Liu J, Gardel ML, Kroy K, Frey E, Hoffman BD, Crocker JC, Bausch AR, Weitz DA. Microrheology probes length scale dependent rheology. Phys Rev Lett. 2006 Mar 24; 96(11):118104. PMID: 16605878.
      Citations: 41     Fields:    
    104. Gardel ML, Nakamura F, Hartwig J, Crocker JC, Stossel TP, Weitz DA, Gardel ML, Nakamura F, Hartwig J, Crocker JC, Stossel TP, Weitz DA. Stress-dependent elasticity of composite actin networks as a model for cell behavior. Phys Rev Lett. 2006 Mar 03; 96(8):088102. PMID: 16606229.
      Citations: 45     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    105. Gardel ML, Nakamura F, Hartwig JH, Crocker JC, Stossel TP, Weitz DA, Gardel ML, Nakamura F, Hartwig JH, Crocker JC, Stossel TP, Weitz DA. Prestressed F-actin networks cross-linked by hinged filamins replicate mechanical properties of cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Feb 07; 103(6):1762-7. PMID: 16446458; PMCID: PMC1413620.
      Citations: 145     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    106. Gardel ML, Shin JH, MacKintosh FC, Mahadevan L, Matsudaira PA, Weitz DA, Gardel ML, Shin JH, MacKintosh FC, Mahadevan L, Matsudaira PA, Weitz DA. Scaling of F-actin network rheology to probe single filament elasticity and dynamics. Phys Rev Lett. 2004 Oct 29; 93(18):188102. PMID: 15525211.
      Citations: 46     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    107. Shin JH, Gardel ML, Mahadevan L, Matsudaira P, Weitz DA, Shin JH, Gardel ML, Mahadevan L, Matsudaira P, Weitz DA. Relating microstructure to rheology of a bundled and cross-linked F-actin network in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Jun 29; 101(26):9636-41. PMID: 15210969; PMCID: PMC470727.
      Citations: 69     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    108. Valentine MT, Perlman ZE, Gardel ML, Shin JH, Matsudaira P, Mitchison TJ, Weitz DA, Valentine MT, Perlman ZE, Gardel ML, Shin JH, Matsudaira P, Mitchison TJ, Weitz DA. Colloid surface chemistry critically affects multiple particle tracking measurements of biomaterials. Biophys J. 2004 Jun; 86(6):4004-14. PMID: 15189896; PMCID: PMC1304301.
      Citations: 70     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    109. Gardel ML, Shin JH, MacKintosh FC, Mahadevan L, Matsudaira P, Weitz DA, Gardel ML, Shin JH, MacKintosh FC, Mahadevan L, Matsudaira P, Weitz DA. Elastic behavior of cross-linked and bundled actin networks. Science. 2004 May 28; 304(5675):1301-5. PMID: 15166374.
      Citations: 326     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    110. Wong IY, Gardel ML, Reichman DR, Weeks ER, Valentine MT, Bausch AR, Weitz DA, Wong IY, Gardel ML, Reichman DR, Weeks ER, Valentine MT, Bausch AR, Weitz DA. Anomalous diffusion probes microstructure dynamics of entangled F-actin networks. Phys Rev Lett. 2004 Apr 30; 92(17):178101. PMID: 15169197.
      Citations: 89     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    111. Gardel ML, Valentine MT, Crocker JC, Bausch AR, Weitz DA, Gardel ML, Valentine MT, Crocker JC, Bausch AR, Weitz DA. Microrheology of entangled F-actin solutions. Phys Rev Lett. 2003 Oct 10; 91(15):158302. PMID: 14611506.
      Citations: 65     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    112. Gordon VD, Valentine MT, Gardel ML, Andor-Ard? D, Dennison S, Bogdanov AA, Weitz DA, Deisboeck TS, Gordon VD, Valentine MT, Gardel ML, Andor-Ard? D, Dennison S, Bogdanov AA, Weitz DA, Deisboeck TS. Measuring the mechanical stress induced by an expanding multicellular tumor system: a case study. Exp Cell Res. 2003 Sep 10; 289(1):58-66. PMID: 12941604.
      Citations: 37     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
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