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Margaret L. Gardel

TitleProfessor
InstitutionUniversity of Chicago
DepartmentPhysics
AddressChicago IL 60637
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    Collapse Overview 
    Collapse overview
    My lab is dedicated to understanding how cell adhesion and migration is regulated by the physical behaviors and structure of the actin cytoskeleton, focal adhesions and cell-cell adhesions and how the physical behaviors of complex cytoskeletal machines emerge from their molecular constituents. We employ approaches from condensed matter physics, cell biology and biochemistry to study the physical properties of the actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesions within live cells and in reconstituted systems of purified proteins.

    Collapse Biography 
    Collapse education and training
    Harvard University, Cambridge, MAPhD05/2004Physics
    Brown University, Providence, RIBS05/1998Physics & Math
    Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA07/2007Cell Biology

    Collapse Research 
    Collapse research activities and funding
    R35GM156484     (GARDEL, MARGARET LISE)Jan 1, 2025 - Dec 31, 2029
    NIH
    Mechanical Information Processing from Sub-cellular to Tissue Scales
    Role: Principal Investigator
    R01GM143792     (GARDEL, MARGARET LISE)Jul 1, 2022 - Jun 30, 2026
    NIH
    Mechanisms of Mechanotransduction by LIM Domain Proteins
    Role: Principal Investigator
    R01GM104032     (GARDEL, MARGARET LISE)Sep 21, 2015 - Nov 30, 2024
    NIH
    Mechanical Regulation of Cell Adhesion by Dynamic Cytoskeletal Assemblies
    Role: Principal Investigator
    P50HL107171     (SOLWAY, JULIAN)May 1, 2011 - Apr 30, 2014
    NIH
    Therapeutic Potentiation of Bronchial Dilatation
    Role: Co-Principal Investigator
    DP1OD003354     (GARDEL, MARGARET LISE)Sep 30, 2007 - Jul 31, 2014
    NIH
    2007 NIH Director's Pioneer Award Program (DP1)
    Role: Principal Investigator

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse selected publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Faculty can login to make corrections and additions.
    Newest   |   Oldest   |   Most Cited   |   Most Discussed   |   Timeline   |   Field Summary   |   Plain Text
    PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Banerjee DS, Falk MJ, Gardel ML, Walczak AM, Mora T, Vaikuntanathan S. Learning via mechanosensitivity and activity in cytoskeletal networks. ArXiv. 2025 Apr 21. PMID: 40313666; PMCID: PMC12045384.
      Citations:    
    2. Brizioli M, Escobedo-Sánchez MA, McCall PM, Roichman Y, Trappe V, Gardel ML, Egelhaaf SU, Giavazzi F, Cerbino R. One- and two-particle microrheology of soft materials based on optical-flow image analysis. Soft Matter. 2025 Feb 12; 21(7):1373-1381. PMID: 39865872; PMCID: PMC11770286.
      Citations:    Fields:    
    3. Stam S, Gardel ML, Weirich KL, Stam S, Gardel ML, Weirich KL, Weirich KL. Direct detection of deformation modes on varying length scales in active biopolymer networks. bioRxiv. 2025 Jan 26. PMID: 37292666; PMCID: PMC10245561.
      Citations:    
    4. Rizzo HE, Zhang AL, Gardel ML. Mechanochemical control systems regulating animal cell size. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2024 Dec; 91:102443. PMID: 39504614.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    5. Zsolnay V, Gardel ML, Kovar DR, Voth GA. Cracked actin filaments as mechanosensitive receptors. Biophys J. 2024 10 01; 123(19):3283-3294. PMID: 38894540; PMCID: PMC11480757.
      Citations: 9     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    6. Seetharaman S, Devany J, Kim HR, van Bodegraven E, Chmiel T, Tzu-Pin S, Chou WH, Fang Y, Gardel ML. Mechanosensitive FHL2 tunes endothelial function. bioRxiv. 2024 Jun 17. PMID: 38948838; PMCID: PMC11212908.
      Citations:    
    7. Redford SA, Colen J, Shivers JL, Zemsky S, Molaei M, Floyd C, Ruijgrok PV, Vitelli V, Bryant Z, Dinner AR, Gardel ML. Motor crosslinking augments elasticity in active nematics. Soft Matter. 2024 Mar 13; 20(11):2480-2490. PMID: 38385209; PMCID: PMC10933839.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:Cells
    8. Jorgenson TD, Baboolall KD, Suarez C, Kovar DR, Gardel ML, Rowan SJ. Highly flexible PEG-LifeAct constructs act as tunable biomimetic actin crosslinkers. Soft Matter. 2024 Jan 31; 20(5):971-977. PMID: 38190228; PMCID: PMC10828923.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:Cells
    9. Schmitt MS, Colen J, Sala S, Devany J, Seetharaman S, Caillier A, Gardel ML, Oakes PW, Vitelli V. Machine learning interpretable models of cell mechanics from protein images. Cell. 2024 01 18; 187(2):481-494.e24. PMID: 38194965; PMCID: PMC11225795.
      Citations: 15     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    10. Chou WH, Molaei M, Wu H, Oakes PW, Beach JR, Gardel ML. Limiting pool and actin architecture controls myosin cluster sizes in adherent cells. Biophys J. 2024 01 16; 123(2):157-171. PMID: 38062704; PMCID: PMC10808045.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    11. Suarez C, Winkelman JD, Harker AJ, Ye HJ, McCall PM, Morganthaler AN, Gardel ML, Kovar DR. Reconstitution of the transition from a lamellipodia- to filopodia-like actin network with purified proteins. Eur J Cell Biol. 2023 Dec; 102(4):151367. PMID: 37890285.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    12. Molaei M, Redford SA, Chou WH, Scheff D, de Pablo JJ, Oakes PW, Gardel ML. Measuring response functions of active materials from data. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 10 17; 120(42):e2305283120. PMID: 37819979; PMCID: PMC10589671.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    13. Redford SA, Colen J, Shivers JL, Zemsky S, Molaei M, Floyd C, Ruijgrok PV, Vitelli V, Bryant Z, Dinner AR, Gardel ML. Motor crosslinking augments elasticity in active nematics. ArXiv. 2023 Aug 31. PMID: 37693184; PMCID: PMC10491317.
      Citations:    
    14. Zsolnay V, Gardel ML, Kovar DR, Voth GA. Cracked actin filaments as mechanosensitive receptors. bioRxiv. 2023 Jun 28. PMID: 37425801; PMCID: PMC10327158.
      Citations:    
    15. Falk MJ, Wu J, Matthews A, Sachdeva V, Pashine N, Gardel ML, Nagel SR, Murugan A. Learning to learn by using nonequilibrium training protocols for adaptable materials. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Jul 04; 120(27):e2219558120. PMID: 37364104; PMCID: PMC10319023.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    
    16. Devany J, Falk MJ, Holt LJ, Murugan A, Gardel ML. Epithelial tissue confinement inhibits cell growth and leads to volume-reducing divisions. Dev Cell. 2023 08 21; 58(16):1462-1476.e8. PMID: 37339629; PMCID: PMC10528006.
      Citations: 13     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    17. Chou WH, Molaei M, Wu H, Oakes PW, Beach JR, Gardel ML. Limiting Pool and Actin Architecture Controls Myosin Cluster Sizes in Adherent Cells. bioRxiv. 2023 Jun 07. PMID: 37333106; PMCID: PMC10274763.
      Citations:    
    18. Sakamoto R, Banerjee DS, Yadav V, Chen S, Gardel ML, Banerjee S, Murrell MP, Sykes C. Author Correction: Membrane tension induces F-actin reorganization and flow in a biomimetic model cortex. Commun Biol. 2023 Apr 28; 6(1):470. PMID: 37117264; PMCID: PMC10147711.
      Citations:    
    19. Sakamoto R, Banerjee DS, Yadav V, Chen S, Gardel ML, Banerjee S, Murrell MP, Sykes C. Membrane tension induces F-actin reorganization and flow in a biomimetic model cortex. Commun Biol. 2023 03 27; 6(1):325. PMID: 36973388; PMCID: PMC10043271.
      Citations: 13     Translation:Cells
    20. Schmitt MS, Colen J, Sala S, Devany J, Seetharaman S, Gardel ML, Oakes PW, Vitelli V. Zyxin is all you need: machine learning adherent cell mechanics. ArXiv. 2023 Mar 01. PMID: 36911285; PMCID: PMC10002819.
      Citations:    
    21. Seetharaman S, Sala S, Gardel ML, Oakes PW. Quantifying Strain-Sensing Protein Recruitment During Stress Fiber Repair. Methods Mol Biol. 2023; 2600:169-182. PMID: 36587097.
      Citations: 2     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    22. Lynch AM, Zhu Y, Lucas BG, Winkelman JD, Bai K, Martin SCT, Block S, Slabodnick MM, Audhya A, Goldstein B, Pettitt J, Gardel ML, Hardin J. TES-1/Tes and ZYX-1/Zyxin protect junctional actin networks under tension during epidermal morphogenesis in the C. elegans embryo. Curr Biol. 2022 12 05; 32(23):5189-5199.e6. PMID: 36384139; PMCID: PMC9729467.
      Citations: 4     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    23. Cavanaugh KE, Staddon MF, Chmiel TA, Harmon R, Budnar S, Yap AS, Banerjee S, Gardel ML. Force-dependent intercellular adhesion strengthening underlies asymmetric adherens junction contraction. Curr Biol. 2022 Nov 07; 32(21):4779. PMID: 36347221.
      Citations: 3     Fields:    
    24. Kumar N, Zhang R, Redford SA, de Pablo JJ, Gardel ML. Catapulting of topological defects through elasticity bands in active nematics. Soft Matter. 2022 Jul 20; 18(28):5271-5281. PMID: 35789364.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    25. Chmiel TA, Gardel ML. Confluence and tight junction dependence of volume regulation in epithelial tissue. Mol Biol Cell. 2022 09 15; 33(11):ar98. PMID: 35731553; PMCID: PMC9582799.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    26. Cavanaugh KE, Staddon MF, Chmiel TA, Harmon R, Budnar S, Yap AS, Banerjee S, Gardel ML. Force-dependent intercellular adhesion strengthening underlies asymmetric adherens junction contraction. Curr Biol. 2022 05 09; 32(9):1986-2000.e5. PMID: 35381185; PMCID: PMC9123775.
      Citations: 9     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    27. Harmon RM, Devany J, Gardel ML. Dia1 coordinates differentiation and cell sorting in a stratified epithelium. J Cell Biol. 2022 05 02; 221(5). PMID: 35323863; PMCID: PMC8958268.
      Citations: 2     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    28. Anderson CA, Kovar DR, Gardel ML, Winkelman JD. LIM domain proteins in cell mechanobiology. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken). 2021 06; 78(6):303-311. PMID: 34028199; PMCID: PMC8603407.
      Citations: 31     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    29. Scheff DR, Redford SA, Lorpaiboon C, Majumdar S, Dinner AR, Gardel ML. Actin filament alignment causes mechanical hysteresis in cross-linked networks. Soft Matter. 2021 Jun 09; 17(22):5499-5507. PMID: 33989373; PMCID: PMC8192476.
      Citations: 9     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    30. Doyle J, Gardel ML, Gupta A, Hallas C, Lensky Y, Love NG, Lucas BA, Mazenc E, Meisenhelder C, Pillarisetti A, Ranard D, Squires AH, Vechakul J, Vilas NB, Williams S, Wilson D, Chen TN, Anderegg L. Heat and Humidity for Bioburden Reduction of N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators. Appl Biosaf. 2021 Jun 01; 26(2):80-89. PMID: 36034691; PMCID: PMC9134327.
      Citations: 3     
    31. Weirich KL, Stam S, Munro E, Gardel ML. Actin bundle architecture and mechanics regulate myosin II force generation. Biophys J. 2021 05 18; 120(10):1957-1970. PMID: 33798565; PMCID: PMC8204393.
      Citations: 16     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    32. Devany J, Sussman DM, Yamamoto T, Manning ML, Gardel ML. Cell cycle-dependent active stress drives epithelia remodeling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 03 09; 118(10). PMID: 33649197; PMCID: PMC7958291.
      Citations: 23     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    33. Colen J, Han M, Zhang R, Redford SA, Lemma LM, Morgan L, Ruijgrok PV, Adkins R, Bryant Z, Dogic Z, Gardel ML, de Pablo JJ, Vitelli V. Machine learning active-nematic hydrodynamics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 03 09; 118(10). PMID: 33653956; PMCID: PMC7958379.
      Citations: 14     Fields:    
    34. Zhang R, Redford SA, Ruijgrok PV, Kumar N, Mozaffari A, Zemsky S, Dinner AR, Vitelli V, Bryant Z, Gardel ML, de Pablo JJ. Spatiotemporal control of liquid crystal structure and dynamics through activity patterning. Nat Mater. 2021 06; 20(6):875-882. PMID: 33603187; PMCID: PMC8404743.
      Citations: 28     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    35. Winkelman JD, Anderson CA, Suarez C, Kovar DR, Gardel ML. Evolutionarily diverse LIM domain-containing proteins bind stressed actin filaments through a conserved mechanism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 10 13; 117(41):25532-25542. PMID: 32989126; PMCID: PMC7568268.
      Citations: 60     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    36. Cavanaugh KE, Chmiel TA, Gardel ML. Caveolae Spelunking: Exploring a New Modality in Tensional Homeostasis. Dev Cell. 2020 07 06; 54(1):3-5. PMID: 32634397.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    37. Cavanaugh KE, Staddon MF, Banerjee S, Gardel ML. Adaptive viscoelasticity of epithelial cell junctions: from models to methods. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2020 08; 63:86-94. PMID: 32604032; PMCID: PMC7483996.
      Citations: 7     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    38. Scheff DR, Weirich KL, Dasbiswas K, Patel A, Vaikuntanathan S, Gardel ML. Tuning shape and internal structure of protein droplets via biopolymer filaments. Soft Matter. 2020 Jun 24; 16(24):5659-5668. PMID: 32519715.
      Citations: 7     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    39. Zhang R, Lee DM, Jimah JR, Gerassimov N, Yang C, Kim S, Luvsanjav D, Winkelman J, Mettlen M, Abrams ME, Kalia R, Keene P, Pandey P, Ravaux B, Kim JH, Ditlev JA, Zhang G, Rosen MK, Frost A, Alto NM, Gardel M, Schmid SL, Svitkina TM, Hinshaw JE, Chen EH. Dynamin regulates the dynamics and mechanical strength of the actin cytoskeleton as a multifilament actin-bundling protein. Nat Cell Biol. 2020 06; 22(6):674-688. PMID: 32451441; PMCID: PMC7953826.
      Citations: 44     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    40. Cavanaugh KE, Oakes PW, Gardel ML. Optogenetic Control of RhoA to Probe Subcellular Mechanochemical Circuitry. Curr Protoc Cell Biol. 2020 03; 86(1):e102. PMID: 32031760; PMCID: PMC7008778.
      Citations: 8     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    41. Ludwig NB, Weirch KL, Alster E, Witten TA, Gardel ML, Dasbiswas K, Vaikuntanathan S. Nucleation and shape dynamics of model nematic tactoids around adhesive colloids. J Chem Phys. 2020 Feb 28; 152(8):084901. PMID: 32113348.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:Cells
    42. Scholz M, Weirich KL, Gardel ML, Dinner AR. Tuning molecular motor transport through cytoskeletal filament network organization. Soft Matter. 2020 Feb 26; 16(8):2135-2140. PMID: 32016200.
      Citations: 7     Fields:    
    43. Cavanaugh KE, Staddon MF, Munro E, Banerjee S, Gardel ML. RhoA Mediates Epithelial Cell Shape Changes via Mechanosensitive Endocytosis. Dev Cell. 2020 01 27; 52(2):152-166.e5. PMID: 31883774; PMCID: PMC7565439.
      Citations: 49     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    44. Banerjee S, Gardel ML, Schwarz US. The Actin Cytoskeleton as an Active Adaptive Material. Annu Rev Condens Matter Phys. 2020 Mar; 11(1):421-439. PMID: 33343823; PMCID: PMC7748259.
      Citations: 47     
    45. Staddon MF, Cavanaugh KE, Munro EM, Gardel ML, Banerjee S. Mechanosensitive Junction Remodeling Promotes Robust Epithelial Morphogenesis. Biophys J. 2019 11 05; 117(9):1739-1750. PMID: 31635790; PMCID: PMC6838884.
      Citations: 32     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    46. Huang JX, Lee G, Cavanaugh KE, Chang JW, Gardel ML, Moellering RE. High throughput discovery of functional protein modifications by Hotspot Thermal Profiling. Nat Methods. 2019 09; 16(9):894-901. PMID: 31384043; PMCID: PMC7238970.
      Citations: 52     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    47. Arzash S, Feng J, Gardel ML, MacKintosh FC, McCall PM. Stress relaxation in F-actin solutions by severing. Soft Matter. 2019 Aug 21; 15(31):6300-6307. PMID: 31342050.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    48. McCall PM, MacKintosh FC, Kovar DR, Gardel ML. Cofilin drives rapid turnover and fluidization of entangled F-actin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 06 25; 116(26):12629-12637. PMID: 31189606; PMCID: PMC6600917.
      Citations: 26     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    49. Weirich KL, Dasbiswas K, Witten TA, Vaikuntanathan S, Gardel ML. Self-organizing motors divide active liquid droplets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 06 04; 116(23):11125-11130. PMID: 31113883; PMCID: PMC6561301.
      Citations: 19     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    50. Kumar N, Zhang R, de Pablo JJ, Gardel ML. Tunable structure and dynamics of active liquid crystals. Sci Adv. 2018 10; 4(10):eaat7779. PMID: 30333990; PMCID: PMC6184751.
      Citations: 40     Fields:    
    51. Schaumann EN, Staddon MF, Gardel ML, Banerjee S. Force localization modes in dynamic epithelial colonies. Mol Biol Cell. 2018 11 15; 29(23):2835-2847. PMID: 30207837; PMCID: PMC6249864.
      Citations: 15     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    52. McCall PM, Srivastava S, Perry SL, Kovar DR, Gardel ML, Tirrell MV. Partitioning and Enhanced Self-Assembly of Actin in Polypeptide Coacervates. Biophys J. 2018 04 10; 114(7):1636-1645. PMID: 29642033; PMCID: PMC5954293.
      Citations: 33     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    53. Majumdar S, Foucard LC, Levine AJ, Gardel ML. Mechanical hysteresis in actin networks. Soft Matter. 2018 Mar 14; 14(11):2052-2058. PMID: 29479596.
      Citations: 8     Fields:    
    54. Nekrasova O, Harmon RM, Broussard JA, Koetsier JL, Godsel LM, Fitz GN, Gardel ML, Green KJ. Desmosomal cadherin association with Tctex-1 and cortactin-Arp2/3 drives perijunctional actin polymerization to promote keratinocyte delamination. Nat Commun. 2018 03 13; 9(1):1053. PMID: 29535305; PMCID: PMC5849617.
      Citations: 33     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    55. Oakes PW, Bidone TC, Beckham Y, Skeeters AV, Ramirez-San Juan GR, Winter SP, Voth GA, Gardel ML. Lamellipodium is a myosin-independent mechanosensor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 03 13; 115(11):2646-2651. PMID: 29487208; PMCID: PMC5856528.
      Citations: 62     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    56. Fessenden TB, Beckham Y, Perez-Neut M, Ramirez-San Juan G, Chourasia AH, Macleod KF, Oakes PW, Gardel ML. Dia1-dependent adhesions are required by epithelial tissues to initiate invasion. J Cell Biol. 2018 04 02; 217(4):1485-1502. PMID: 29437785; PMCID: PMC5881494.
      Citations: 19     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    57. Zhang R, Kumar N, Ross JL, Gardel ML, de Pablo JJ. Interplay of structure, elasticity, and dynamics in actin-based nematic materials. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 01 09; 115(2):E124-E133. PMID: 29284753; PMCID: PMC5777046.
      Citations: 23     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    58. McFadden WM, McCall PM, Gardel ML, Munro EM. Filament turnover tunes both force generation and dissipation to control long-range flows in a model actomyosin cortex. PLoS Comput Biol. 2017 12; 13(12):e1005811. PMID: 29253848; PMCID: PMC5757993.
      Citations: 22     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    59. Stam S, Freedman SL, Banerjee S, Weirich KL, Dinner AR, Gardel ML. Filament rigidity and connectivity tune the deformation modes of active biopolymer networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 11 21; 114(47):E10037-E10045. PMID: 29114058; PMCID: PMC5703288.
      Citations: 37     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    60. Oakes PW, Wagner E, Brand CA, Probst D, Linke M, Schwarz US, Glotzer M, Gardel ML. Optogenetic control of RhoA reveals zyxin-mediated elasticity of stress fibres. Nat Commun. 2017 06 12; 8:15817. PMID: 28604737; PMCID: PMC5477492.
      Citations: 75     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    61. Suarez C, McCall PM, Gardel ML, Kovar DR. When Is "Enough" Enough? Cell Syst. 2017 05 24; 4(5):480-482. PMID: 28544879.
      Citations: 2     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    62. Hissa B, Oakes PW, Gardel ML, Pontes B, Ramírez-San Juan G. Cholesterol depletion impairs contractile machinery in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Sci Rep. 2017 03 03; 7:43764. PMID: 28256617; PMCID: PMC5335656.
      Citations: 24     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    63. Ramirez-San Juan GR, Oakes PW, Gardel ML. Contact guidance requires spatial control of leading-edge protrusion. Mol Biol Cell. 2017 Apr 15; 28(8):1043-1053. PMID: 28228548; PMCID: PMC5391181.
      Citations: 39     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    64. Weirich KL, Banerjee S, Dasbiswas K, Witten TA, Vaikuntanathan S, Gardel ML. Liquid behavior of cross-linked actin bundles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 02 28; 114(9):2131-2136. PMID: 28202730; PMCID: PMC5338483.
      Citations: 58     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    65. Piel M, Gardel M. Editorial overview: Cell architecture. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2016 Feb; 38:v-vi. PMID: 26971062.
      Citations:    Fields:    
    66. Murrell M, Oakes PW, Gardel ML, Lenz M. Forcing cells into shape: the mechanics of actomyosin contractility. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2015 Aug; 16(8):486-98. PMID: 26130009; PMCID: PMC7443980.
      Citations: 277     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    67. Craig EM, Stricker J, Gardel M, Mogilner A. Model for adhesion clutch explains biphasic relationship between actin flow and traction at the cell leading edge. Phys Biol. 2015 May 13; 12(3):035002. PMID: 25969948; PMCID: PMC4452030.
      Citations: 25     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    68. De La Cruz EM, Gardel ML. Actin Mechanics and Fragmentation. J Biol Chem. 2015 Jul 10; 290(28):17137-44. PMID: 25957404; PMCID: PMC4498053.
      Citations: 53     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    69. Stam S, Alberts J, Gardel ML, Munro E. Isoforms Confer Characteristic Force Generation and Mechanosensation by Myosin II Filaments. Biophys J. 2015 Apr 21; 108(8):1997-2006. PMID: 25902439; PMCID: PMC4407263.
      Citations: 37     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    70. Brand CA, Stricker J, Oakes PW, Gardel ML, Schwarz US, Soiné JR. Model-based traction force microscopy reveals differential tension in cellular actin bundles. PLoS Comput Biol. 2015 Mar; 11(3):e1004076. PMID: 25748431; PMCID: PMC4352062.
      Citations: 54     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    71. Meng F, Mambetsariev I, Tian Y, Beckham Y, Meliton A, Leff A, Gardel ML, Allen MJ, Birukov KG, Birukova AA. Attenuation of lipopolysaccharide-induced lung vascular stiffening by lipoxin reduces lung inflammation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2015 Feb; 52(2):152-61. PMID: 24992633; PMCID: PMC4370244.
      Citations: 29     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    72. Gardel ML. Moving beyond molecular mechanisms. J Cell Biol. 2015 Jan 19; 208(2):143-5. PMID: 25601400; PMCID: PMC4298694.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    73. Cetera M, Ramirez-San Juan GR, Oakes PW, Lewellyn L, Fairchild MJ, Tanentzapf G, Gardel ML, Horne-Badovinac S. Epithelial rotation promotes the global alignment of contractile actin bundles during Drosophila egg chamber elongation. Nat Commun. 2014 Nov 21; 5:5511. PMID: 25413675; PMCID: PMC4241503.
      Citations: 108     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    74. Stam S, Gardel ML. Cutting through the noise: the mechanics of intracellular transport. Dev Cell. 2014 Aug 25; 30(4):365-6. PMID: 25158851.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    75. Oakes PW, Banerjee S, Marchetti MC, Gardel ML. Geometry regulates traction stresses in adherent cells. Biophys J. 2014 Aug 19; 107(4):825-33. PMID: 25140417; PMCID: PMC4142236.
      Citations: 108     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    76. Maruthamuthu V, Gardel ML. Protrusive activity guides changes in cell-cell tension during epithelial cell scattering. Biophys J. 2014 Aug 05; 107(3):555-563. PMID: 25099795; PMCID: PMC4129477.
      Citations: 24     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    77. Oakes PW, Gardel ML. Stressing the limits of focal adhesion mechanosensitivity. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2014 Oct; 30:68-73. PMID: 24998185; PMCID: PMC4459577.
      Citations: 67     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    78. Beckham Y, Vasquez RJ, Stricker J, Sayegh K, Gardel ML, Campillo C. Arp2/3 inhibition induces amoeboid-like protrusions in MCF10A epithelial cells by reduced cytoskeletal-membrane coupling and focal adhesion assembly. PLoS One. 2014; 9(6):e100943. PMID: 24967897; PMCID: PMC4072770.
      Citations: 26     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    79. Murrell M, Gardel ML. Actomyosin sliding is attenuated in contractile biomimetic cortices. Mol Biol Cell. 2014 Jun 15; 25(12):1845-53. PMID: 24760970; PMCID: PMC4055264.
      Citations: 28     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    80. Kim T, Gardel ML, Munro E. Determinants of fluidlike behavior and effective viscosity in cross-linked actin networks. Biophys J. 2014 Feb 04; 106(3):526-34. PMID: 24507593; PMCID: PMC3944977.
      Citations: 28     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    81. Murrell M, Thoresen T, Gardel M. Reconstitution of contractile actomyosin arrays. Methods Enzymol. 2014; 540:265-82. PMID: 24630112; PMCID: PMC4459579.
      Citations: 15     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    82. Burov S, Tabei SM, Huynh T, Murrell MP, Philipson LH, Rice SA, Gardel ML, Scherer NF, Dinner AR. Distribution of directional change as a signature of complex dynamics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Dec 03; 110(49):19689-94. PMID: 24248363; PMCID: PMC3856831.
      Citations: 38     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    83. Stricker J, Beckham Y, Davidson MW, Gardel ML. Myosin II-mediated focal adhesion maturation is tension insensitive. PLoS One. 2013; 8(7):e70652. PMID: 23923013; PMCID: PMC3726642.
      Citations: 33     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    84. Falzone TT, Oakes PW, Sees J, Kovar DR, Gardel ML. Actin assembly factors regulate the gelation kinetics and architecture of F-actin networks. Biophys J. 2013 Apr 16; 104(8):1709-19. PMID: 23601318; PMCID: PMC3628567.
      Citations: 8     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    85. Gardel M. Margaret Gardel: at the interface of physics and biology. Interview by Caitlin Sedwick. J Cell Biol. 2013 Apr 15; 201(2):170-1. PMID: 23589489; PMCID: PMC3628516.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    86. Thoresen T, Lenz M, Gardel ML. Thick filament length and isoform composition determine self-organized contractile units in actomyosin bundles. Biophys J. 2013 Feb 05; 104(3):655-65. PMID: 23442916; PMCID: PMC3566465.
      Citations: 35     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    87. Gardel ML. Materials science: Synthetic polymers with biological rigidity. Nature. 2013 Jan 31; 493(7434):618-9. PMID: 23354043.
      Citations: 3     Fields:    
    88. Birukova AA, Tian X, Cokic I, Beckham Y, Gardel ML, Birukov KG. Endothelial barrier disruption and recovery is controlled by substrate stiffness. Microvasc Res. 2013 May; 87:50-7. PMID: 23296034; PMCID: PMC3627818.
      Citations: 51     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    89. Caswell TA, Zhang Z, Gardel ML, Nagel SR. Observation and characterization of the vestige of the jamming transition in a thermal three-dimensional system. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2013 Jan; 87(1):012303. PMID: 23410327.
      Citations: 3     Fields:    
    90. Murrell MP, Gardel ML. F-actin buckling coordinates contractility and severing in a biomimetic actomyosin cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Dec 18; 109(51):20820-5. PMID: 23213249; PMCID: PMC3529094.
      Citations: 172     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    91. Gardel ML. Living matter--nexus of physics and biology in the 21st century. Mol Biol Cell. 2012 Nov; 23(21):4165-6. PMID: 23112229; PMCID: PMC3484094.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    92. Fischer RS, Myers KA, Gardel ML, Waterman CM. Stiffness-controlled three-dimensional extracellular matrices for high-resolution imaging of cell behavior. Nat Protoc. 2012 Nov; 7(11):2056-66. PMID: 23099487; PMCID: PMC3845971.
      Citations: 82     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    93. Stachowiak MR, McCall PM, Thoresen T, Balcioglu HE, Kasiewicz L, Gardel ML, O'Shaughnessy B. Self-organization of myosin II in reconstituted actomyosin bundles. Biophys J. 2012 Sep 19; 103(6):1265-74. PMID: 22995499; PMCID: PMC3446672.
      Citations: 30     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    94. Schwarz US, Gardel ML. United we stand: integrating the actin cytoskeleton and cell-matrix adhesions in cellular mechanotransduction. J Cell Sci. 2012 Jul 01; 125(Pt 13):3051-60. PMID: 22797913; PMCID: PMC3434863.
      Citations: 133     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    95. Lenz M, Thoresen T, Gardel ML, Dinner AR. Contractile units in disordered actomyosin bundles arise from F-actin buckling. Phys Rev Lett. 2012 Jun 08; 108(23):238107. PMID: 23003998; PMCID: PMC4447086.
      Citations: 69     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    96. Falzone TT, Lenz M, Kovar DR, Gardel ML. Assembly kinetics determine the architecture of a-actinin crosslinked F-actin networks. Nat Commun. 2012 May 29; 3:861. PMID: 22643888; PMCID: PMC3563296.
      Citations: 51     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    97. Lenz M, Gardel ML, Dinner AR. Requirements for contractility in disordered cytoskeletal bundles. New J Phys. 2012 Mar 01; 14. PMID: 23155355; PMCID: PMC3496381.
      Citations: 38     
    98. Oakes PW, Beckham Y, Stricker J, Gardel ML. Tension is required but not sufficient for focal adhesion maturation without a stress fiber template. J Cell Biol. 2012 Feb 06; 196(3):363-74. PMID: 22291038; PMCID: PMC3275371.
      Citations: 175     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    99. Stricker J, Aratyn-Schaus Y, Oakes PW, Gardel ML. Spatiotemporal constraints on the force-dependent growth of focal adhesions. Biophys J. 2011 Jun 22; 100(12):2883-93. PMID: 21689521; PMCID: PMC3123981.
      Citations: 100     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    100. Thoresen T, Lenz M, Gardel ML. Reconstitution of contractile actomyosin bundles. Biophys J. 2011 Jun 08; 100(11):2698-705. PMID: 21641315; PMCID: PMC3117186.
      Citations: 69     Fields:    
    101. Maruthamuthu V, Sabass B, Schwarz US, Gardel ML. Cell-ECM traction force modulates endogenous tension at cell-cell contacts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Mar 22; 108(12):4708-13. PMID: 21383129; PMCID: PMC3064395.
      Citations: 255     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    102. Aratyn-Schaus Y, Oakes PW, Gardel ML. Dynamic and structural signatures of lamellar actomyosin force generation. Mol Biol Cell. 2011 Apr 15; 22(8):1330-9. PMID: 21307339; PMCID: PMC3078065.
      Citations: 58     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    103. Norstrom M, Gardel ML. Shear thickening of F-actin networks crosslinked with non-muscle myosin IIB. Soft Matter. 2011 Jan 01; 2011(7):3228-3233. PMID: 21552431; PMCID: PMC3088166.
      Citations: 10     Fields:    
    104. Aratyn-Schaus Y, Oakes PW, Stricker J, Winter SP, Gardel ML. Preparation of complaint matrices for quantifying cellular contraction. J Vis Exp. 2010 Dec 14; (46). PMID: 21178972; PMCID: PMC3159639.
      Citations: 67     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    105. Smith MA, Blankman E, Gardel ML, Luettjohann L, Waterman CM, Beckerle MC. A zyxin-mediated mechanism for actin stress fiber maintenance and repair. Dev Cell. 2010 Sep 14; 19(3):365-76. PMID: 20833360; PMCID: PMC2954498.
      Citations: 118     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    106. Maruthamuthu V, Aratyn-Schaus Y, Gardel ML. Conserved F-actin dynamics and force transmission at cell adhesions. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2010 Oct; 22(5):583-8. PMID: 20728328; PMCID: PMC2948584.
      Citations: 39     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    107. Borghi N, Lowndes M, Maruthamuthu V, Gardel ML, Nelson WJ. Regulation of cell motile behavior by crosstalk between cadherin- and integrin-mediated adhesions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jul 27; 107(30):13324-9. PMID: 20566866; PMCID: PMC2922157.
      Citations: 101     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    108. Aratyn-Schaus Y, Gardel ML. Transient frictional slip between integrin and the ECM in focal adhesions under myosin II tension. Curr Biol. 2010 Jul 13; 20(13):1145-53. PMID: 20541412; PMCID: PMC2902720.
      Citations: 67     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    109. Stricker J, Sabass B, Schwarz US, Gardel ML. Optimization of traction force microscopy for micron-sized focal adhesions. J Phys Condens Matter. 2010 May 19; 22(19):194104. PMID: 20523913; PMCID: PMC2879600.
      Citations: 27     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    110. Gardel M, Schwarz U. Cell-substrate interactions. J Phys Condens Matter. 2010 May 19; 22(19):190301. PMID: 21386358.
      Citations: 5     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    111. Gardel ML, Schneider IC, Aratyn-Schaus Y, Waterman CM. Mechanical integration of actin and adhesion dynamics in cell migration. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2010; 26:315-33. PMID: 19575647; PMCID: PMC4437624.
      Citations: 488     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    112. Gardel E, Sitaridou E, Facto K, Keene E, Hattam K, Easwar N, Menon N. Dynamical fluctuations in dense granular flows. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2009 Dec 28; 367(1909):5109-21. PMID: 19933130.
      Citations:    Fields:    
    113. Rizvi SA, Neidt EM, Cui J, Feiger Z, Skau CT, Gardel ML, Kozmin SA, Kovar DR. Identification and characterization of a small molecule inhibitor of formin-mediated actin assembly. Chem Biol. 2009 Nov 25; 16(11):1158-68. PMID: 19942139; PMCID: PMC2784894.
      Citations: 208     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    114. Stricker J, Falzone T, Gardel ML. Mechanics of the F-actin cytoskeleton. J Biomech. 2010 Jan 05; 43(1):9-14. PMID: 19913792; PMCID: PMC2813332.
      Citations: 174     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    115. Fischer RS, Gardel M, Ma X, Adelstein RS, Waterman CM. Local cortical tension by myosin II guides 3D endothelial cell branching. Curr Biol. 2009 Feb 10; 19(3):260-5. PMID: 19185493; PMCID: PMC2777763.
      Citations: 98     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    116. Gardel ML, Sabass B, Ji L, Danuser G, Schwarz US, Waterman CM. Traction stress in focal adhesions correlates biphasically with actin retrograde flow speed. J Cell Biol. 2008 Dec 15; 183(6):999-1005. PMID: 19075110; PMCID: PMC2600750.
      Citations: 255     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    117. Aratyn-Schaus Y, Gardel ML. Biophysics. Clutch dynamics. Science. 2008 Dec 12; 322(5908):1646-7. PMID: 19074337.
      Citations: 5     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    118. Lim Y, Lim ST, Tomar A, Gardel M, Bernard-Trifilo JA, Chen XL, Uryu SA, Canete-Soler R, Zhai J, Lin H, Schlaepfer WW, Nalbant P, Bokoch G, Ilic D, Waterman-Storer C, Schlaepfer DD. PyK2 and FAK connections to p190Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor regulate RhoA activity, focal adhesion formation, and cell motility. J Cell Biol. 2008 Jan 14; 180(1):187-203. PMID: 18195107; PMCID: PMC2213606.
      Citations: 129     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    119. Gardel ML, Kasza KE, Brangwynne CP, Liu J, Weitz DA. Chapter 19: Mechanical response of cytoskeletal networks. Methods Cell Biol. 2008; 89:487-519. PMID: 19118688; PMCID: PMC4456006.
      Citations: 84     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    120. Sabass B, Gardel ML, Waterman CM, Schwarz US. High resolution traction force microscopy based on experimental and computational advances. Biophys J. 2008 Jan 01; 94(1):207-20. PMID: 17827246; PMCID: PMC2134850.
      Citations: 269     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    121. Zijlstra A, Tkachenko E, Prager G, Gardel ML, Slepak M, Ginsberg MH, Féral CC. CD98hc (SLC3A2) participates in fibronectin matrix assembly by mediating integrin signaling. J Cell Biol. 2007 Aug 13; 178(4):701-11. PMID: 17682053; PMCID: PMC2064475.
      Citations: 45     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    122. Ji L, Loerke D, Gardel M, Danuser G. Probing intracellular force distributions by high-resolution live cell imaging and inverse dynamics. Methods Cell Biol. 2007; 83:199-235. PMID: 17613310.
      Citations: 3     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    123. Liu J, Gardel ML, Kroy K, Frey E, Hoffman BD, Crocker JC, Bausch AR, Weitz DA. Microrheology probes length scale dependent rheology. Phys Rev Lett. 2006 Mar 24; 96(11):118104. PMID: 16605878.
      Citations: 45     Fields:    
    124. Gardel ML, Nakamura F, Hartwig J, Crocker JC, Stossel TP, Weitz DA. Stress-dependent elasticity of composite actin networks as a model for cell behavior. Phys Rev Lett. 2006 Mar 03; 96(8):088102. PMID: 16606229.
      Citations: 48     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    125. Gardel ML, Nakamura F, Hartwig JH, Crocker JC, Stossel TP, Weitz DA. Prestressed F-actin networks cross-linked by hinged filamins replicate mechanical properties of cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Feb 07; 103(6):1762-7. PMID: 16446458; PMCID: PMC1413620.
      Citations: 149     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    126. Gardel ML, Shin JH, MacKintosh FC, Mahadevan L, Matsudaira PA, Weitz DA. Scaling of F-actin network rheology to probe single filament elasticity and dynamics. Phys Rev Lett. 2004 Oct 29; 93(18):188102. PMID: 15525211.
      Citations: 51     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    127. Shin JH, Gardel ML, Mahadevan L, Matsudaira P, Weitz DA. Relating microstructure to rheology of a bundled and cross-linked F-actin network in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Jun 29; 101(26):9636-41. PMID: 15210969; PMCID: PMC470727.
      Citations: 74     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    128. Valentine MT, Perlman ZE, Gardel ML, Shin JH, Matsudaira P, Mitchison TJ, Weitz DA. Colloid surface chemistry critically affects multiple particle tracking measurements of biomaterials. Biophys J. 2004 Jun; 86(6):4004-14. PMID: 15189896; PMCID: PMC1304301.
      Citations: 83     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    129. Gardel ML, Shin JH, MacKintosh FC, Mahadevan L, Matsudaira P, Weitz DA. Elastic behavior of cross-linked and bundled actin networks. Science. 2004 May 28; 304(5675):1301-5. PMID: 15166374.
      Citations: 368     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    130. Wong IY, Gardel ML, Reichman DR, Weeks ER, Valentine MT, Bausch AR, Weitz DA. Anomalous diffusion probes microstructure dynamics of entangled F-actin networks. Phys Rev Lett. 2004 Apr 30; 92(17):178101. PMID: 15169197.
      Citations: 96     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    131. Gardel ML, Valentine MT, Crocker JC, Bausch AR, Weitz DA. Microrheology of entangled F-actin solutions. Phys Rev Lett. 2003 Oct 10; 91(15):158302. PMID: 14611506.
      Citations: 69     Fields:    Translation:Cells
    132. Gordon VD, Valentine MT, Gardel ML, Dennison S, Bogdanov AA, Weitz DA, Deisboeck TS, Andor-Ardó D. Measuring the mechanical stress induced by an expanding multicellular tumor system: a case study. Exp Cell Res. 2003 Sep 10; 289(1):58-66. PMID: 12941604.
      Citations: 38     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
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